Countermeasures and suggestions to accelerate the high-quality development of Xinjiang’s cotton and textile and apparel industry chains
“For world cotton, look to China, and for Chinese cotton, look to Xinjiang.” Important raw material guarantee for sustainable development. The cotton industry is Xinjiang’s characteristic and advantageous industry. Accelerating the high-quality development of Xinjiang’s cotton and textile and clothing industry chains and establishing a modern industrial system with Xinjiang characteristics will help promote high-quality economic development. Stabilizing and increasing farmers’ income plays an important role. The fifth, sixth and seventh plenary sessions of the 10th Party Committee of the Autonomous Region in 2022 proposed to expand and strengthen characteristic and advantageous industries such as cotton, and accelerate the formation of eight majorindustrial clusters including cotton and textile and garment industries. To support the modern industrial system with Xinjiang characteristics and promote high-quality economic development.
1. Current Development Status of Xinjiang’s Cotton, Textile and Garment Industry
In recent years, our district’s total cotton output, unit yield, and transfer volume have ranked first in the country for 27 consecutive years. In 2022, Xinjiang’s cotton planting area is 37.454 million acres, accounting for 83.2% of the country’s total cotton planting area; the total output is 5.391 million tons, accounting for 90.2% of the country’s total cotton output, a record high; the unit yield is 143.9 kg/mu, an increase of 7.5 kg over last year /mu, which is 11.1 kilograms higher than the national average cotton yield. The cotton mechanical harvesting rate has increased to more than 80% (including 95% in northern Xinjiang and 60% in southern Xinjiang.). Nearly half of the farmers in Xinjiang are engaged in cotton production, and income from cotton planting has become a major source of income for farmers in Xinjiang, especially for people in southern Xinjiang. Cottonscientific and technological innovation capabilities continue to improve, and downstream industries such as cotton spinning have achieved rapid development. As of the end of 2021, the cumulative investment in fixed assets in Xinjiang’s textile and garment industry has reached 258.22 billion yuan, with an average annual growth rate of 20.1%. The cotton industry has driven 215,000 jobs in the entire industry chain including ginning, warehousing, testing, cotton spinning, clothing, and logistics. The textile and garment industry has become an employment source in our district. important channels.
2. Main issues and challenges facing the high-quality development of Xinjiang’s cotton and textile and apparel industry chains
(1) The technical problem of insufficient supply of high-quality cotton and “stuck neck” needs to be solved urgently
Facing a new round of Breeding 4.0 with “biotechnology + artificial intelligence + big data information technology” as the core and market competition with large conglomerates as the core, Xinjiang’s cotton provenance foundation is relatively weak and there are insufficient excellent germplasm resources. , the breeding innovation ability is not strong. Due to variety restrictions, long-staple cotton machine-picked technology is not yet mature, and hand-picking is still the main method. The planting cost is generally higher than other machine-picked cotton varieties. The income from long-staple cotton planting is obviously not as good as that of fine-staple cotton. Cotton farmers are not willing to plant it. The planting area of long-staple cotton in Xinjiang has declined sharply. The total output in 2021 is only 48,000 tons, less than 50% of domestic demand, resulting in a gap in the supply of domestic high-end raw materials. my country has become the largest long-staple cotton in the United StatesImportcountry. Difficulty in harvesting and high labor costs are the fundamental reasons for the shrinkage of long-staple cotton. The “stuck neck” problem of full-process mechanized production supporting technology with machine harvesting as the core needs to be solved urgently.
(2) The cost of planting is rising year by year, which is constraining the high-quality development of the cotton industry
Labor costs, fertilizer prices, land costs, etc. continue to rise, and planting costs continue to rise. In 2021, the total cost of renting land for machine-picked cotton in the autonomous region is 2,228 yuan/mu, an increase of 31.3% year-on-year. The total cost of renting land for hand-picked cotton is 2,944 yuan/mu, an increase of 24.1% year-on-year. The cost of renting land, fertilizers and pesticides has increased significantly. large, with year-on-year growth rates of 69.1%, 36.7%, and 28.1% respectively. The sharp rise in fertilizer prices not only directly increases the cost of planting, but also causes irregular fertilizer application and affects yields. At the same time, problems such as the lag in the development, promotion and application of cotton variety cultivation and supporting technologies, and the insufficient performance of domestic cotton pickers have also restricted the cost control of cotton planting to a certain extent. High costs and low returns have become the main obstacles to the high-quality development of Xinjiang cotton. One of the factors.
(3) The sanctions imposed by Western countries, led by the United States, on Xinjiang cotton have had a greater impact on Xinjiang cotton and even my country’s textile and garment industry
The U.S. government, together with some Western countries, has completely banned the entry of Xinjiang cotton products on the grounds of “forced labor”. The sanctions are highly targeted. Xinjiang cotton and its products Exportorders have fallen sharply. In the long term, textiles and clothing exported to the United States from my country are required to provide certification that Xinjiang cotton is not used. Such certification will not be accepted in international trade. “#FF8040”>Cotton textile and apparel manufacturers are required to provide proof that Xinjiang cotton has not been used. Xinjiang cotton and even my country’s textile and apparel industry will face more severe challenges.
(4) The development of downstream industries such as cotton spinning is not large-scale and the entire industry chain is not well connected and the quality of development is low
At present, Xinjiang’s textile processing is mainly cotton and viscose short fibers. It lacks pure spinning and blended products of real estate polyester and other synthetic fibers. The product variety structure is single. Homogeneous competition is common. Layout in Aksu, Korla, Alar, Shihezi and other placesprinting and dyeing enterprises and<font�Comprehensive textile and clothing production bases such as Korla, Alar, and Shihezi are actively developing full-industry chain projects including printing and dyeing links, as well as extension and cluster development of industries such as clothing, home textiles, and knitting. Guided by the Central Asian, West Asian and European markets, we will gradually increase the proportion of output value of end-use industries such as clothing, home textiles and knitting, focus on the development of export and high-end products such as knitted clothing, woven jackets, sweaters, towels, bedding, socks, etc., and create an important industry in my country. Export clothing production and processing base. Increase support and cultivation of new business formats such as clothing R&D and design, textile and clothing processing equipment manufacturing and maintenance, and e-commerce in the textile and clothing industry, and actively develop economies of scale to form an agglomeration effect.
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