Why is the Corps’ cotton garden so full of spring beauty?
Recently, a piece of good news came. In 2022, the XPCC’s cotton yield per unit area hit a new high in the past 10 years.
The strong production capacity of XPCC cotton has established XPCC cotton’s irreplaceable position in the national and even world cotton industry. In recent years, the Corps has implemented in-depth structural reforms on the cotton supply side, and has made simultaneous efforts in improving management levels, optimizing production structures, and accelerating technology promotion to continuously improve cottonquality and Comprehensive production efficiency, and strive to create a new model of national high-quality cotton production base.
“Checking the pulse” of cotton quality throughout the entire process
Why did the cotton planting area decrease slightly? How to increase production while reducing area?
Improving cotton quality cannot be achieved overnight. In recent years, all divisions and cities of the Corps have implemented in-depth cotton supply-side structural reforms, guided production layout to concentrate on advantageous cotton areas, and increased policy and financial support for advantageous cotton areas, creating relatively stable high-yield cotton areas and less favorable cotton areas. and risk cotton areas have gradually withdrawn from cotton production, and the planting area has slightly reduced.
The cotton industry is the dominant industry and pillar industry of the Corps. It is related to the economic development of the Corps and the increase in the income of employees, and is related to the play of the Corps’ special role. As of mid-January this year, nearly 80% of the Corps’ cotton has been inspected by public inspections. Compared with the autonomous region and the country, the Corps’ cotton color grade, rolling quality, average length, micronaire value, average length uniformity, average breaking strength, etc. 6 All indicators are higher than the levels of the autonomous region and the country for the same period, and the overall level has reached the “Double 29” level. Among them, the proportion of micronaire A+B levels has increased significantly, reaching 93.86%, which is at the highest level in history.
In the case of reduced area, what does the Corps rely on to increase the increase in cotton quality?
As the Corps deepens its reform and rolls out across the board, deepening the Corps’ cotton target price reform has become a “key move” to improve cotton quality and optimize and smooth the cotton industry.
Cotton pricing power returns to the market, how to seize the opportunity? The focus is on cotton quality.
Under the “baton” of the market, all aspects of the XPCC cotton industry have become “alive”, and a series of policies and measures related to improving cotton quality and efficiency have been implemented one after another; various departments have improved the “five management and one mechanism”, and cotton Key production links should be accelerated early, and key measures and main technologies should be implemented and applied in place; all divisions and cities should speed up the technology layout of the entire industry chain, and find ways and take measures around improving seed quality, optimizing variety structure, and improving field management models. ; Cotton processing enterprises have upgraded processing and testing equipment and improved technology levels, and XPCC cotton has steadily moved towards the era of quality.
Kang Dongling, director of the Agricultural and Rural Affairs Bureau of Shihezi City, Eighth Division, introduced: “Comprehensive application of the ‘low density and early growth’ cultivation model, water-saving drip irrigation technology, water and fertilizer integration technology, realization of full mechanization, and establishment of six major technologies for precise disaster prevention and reduction system Integration has become an effective way to improve cotton quality and production efficiency in the city.”
On the one hand, the market is forcing cotton producers and processors to gradually abandon the previous practice of focusing on quantity over quality; on the other hand, the upgrade of cotton quality testing methods in the XPCC has also improved product quality institutionally and technically.
Emphasizing both the supply side and the demand side, the Corps has established a full-process quality control and quality traceability system for cotton production to truly promote the cotton industry on the path of quality and efficiency development.
In 2022, the Corps will implement the cotton production quality reward and subsidy policy and gradually improve the cotton quality traceability system. The cotton quality traceability pilot scope will be expanded from 7 divisions to 11 divisions, and the quality traceability reward standard will be increased from 0.2 yuan per kilogram to 0.2 yuan per kilogram. 0.4 yuan, use good policies to support the high-quality development of the cotton industry.
Excellent “core” makes the Corps good cotton
Not long ago, the Corps Cotton Association organized a Corps Cotton Variety Recommendation Meeting. The expert group recommended cotton varieties for 2023 based on cotton fiber quality supervision and testing, variety display, fingerprint inspection results, etc.
The main varieties planted by the First Division are Tahe No. 2, with the matching varieties Xinluzhong No. 82 and Yuanmianxin 13305; the Seventh Division mainly grows varieties Z1112 and K07-12, with the matching varieties Jinke 20… Seeds have always been regarded as agricultural “Chips”, the Corps pays special attention to seed work.
The Corps planted 12.7588 million acres of cotton, accounting for 28.4% of the country’s cotton planting area and produced 36% of the country’s cotton; as China’s largest cotton-producing area, the Corps’ cotton’s confidence comes from “hard-core” technology. Among them, the research and development of high-quality cotton seeds is a concentrated expression of “hard-core” technology.
In order to lay the foundation for high-quality cotton from the time of sowing, in recent years, the Corps’ scientific and technological workers, seed industry enterprises and cotton farmers have worked together to actively use scientific and technological means to promote cotton breeding, select the Corps’ cotton superior seed enterprises, and promote Build an integrated cotton seed industry system of breeding, propagation, promotion, processing and marketing; each division and city implements the “Xingtuan Seed Industry Revitalization Action Implementation Plan”, adheres to the expert recommendation system for main varieties, and effectively improves the coverage of main varieties; according to different divisions Based on the actual situation of the city, we should guide various localities to actively select and expand high-quality cotton varieties and supporting technologies suitable for local planting. In 2022, the Corps recommended 19 varieties, a decrease from the previous year16, and the concentration of recommended varieties will further increase based on 2021, reaching 87.7%.
“The quality of cotton this year is higher than in previous years, and making good use of cotton seeds is the key. This year, Huyanghe City of the Seventh Division will continue to insist on selecting the best cotton varieties, laying a solid foundation for improving cotton quality.” Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Huyanghe City, the Seventh Division said Wang Zhonghua, deputy director of the bureau.
As a master of cotton cultivation, the six indicators of cotton quality in Huyanghe City of the Seventh Division in 2022 are all higher than the average level of the autonomous region.
Improved cotton varieties have contributed a lot. Behind the improved varieties is full of technological content.
On February 14, in the seed selection and production workshop of the Alar Seed Processing Plant of Xinjiang Tarim River Seed Industry Co., Ltd., freshly stripped cotton seeds jumped up and down in the machine. These seeds, which have gone through many stages such as sulfuric acid delinting, drying, wind screening, gravity sorting, and color sorting, are the cotton seeds of choice for workers in southern Xinjiang.
As the “vanguard” of the Corps’ seed industry, the company implements an innovation-driven development strategy, applies a close and efficient industry-university-research cooperation breeding model, improves the scientific research system supported by independently developed varieties, and independently breeds a batch of early-maturing seeds that are adapted to the local area. , high-quality, stable and high-yielding cotton varieties that are suitable for machine harvesting, now have 53 self-owned intellectual property rights varieties, and have ranked first in the country in cotton seed sales for two consecutive years.
With the widespread application of advanced processing technologies such as color sorting and magnetic sorting, the germination rate of XPCC cotton seeds has reached over 90%, which is 10 percentage points higher than the national standard, meeting the XPCC cotton extension machine quality requirements for precision sowing.
This year, the Corps will continue to put increasing the coverage of high-quality cotton seeds and improving cotton quality as the top priority in promoting the high-quality development of the cotton industry, giving full play to the advantages of talent reserves and technology integration , in-depth implementation of cotton quality improvement actions.
The confidence of high productivity comes from “hard core” technology
What is gratifying is that in 2022, while the total cotton output and yield per unit area of the Corps hit a record high, and cotton quality achieved new breakthroughs, the first division Alar City, the second division Tiemenguan City, and the third division Tumushuk City The proportions of “Double 29A+B” and above increased significantly from 26.6%, 19.8%, and 9.2% in the previous year to 55.8%, 40.3%, and 51.4% respectively. The main quality indicators of cotton in Nanjiang Division were all higher than the same period last year. Compared with the average level of the Corps in 2022, the quality of cotton in southern Xinjiang has jumped from being at the bottom all year round to leading the Corps.
Nanjiang Teachers City has fought a beautiful “turnaround” in cotton quality. What is the “secret”?
Hidden in technology. The integrated application of various advanced technologies plays a key role in winning the quality war for southern Xinjiang cotton.
In 2022, the “dry sowing and wet planting” technology will be promoted in Southern Xinjiang City to an area of 1.3 million acres, accounting for 30.5% of the total cotton planting area in Southern Xinjiang City. Among them, Alar City of the First Division, Tiemenguan City of the Second Division, and Tumushuk City of the Third Division reached 435,000 acres, 195,000 acres, and 670,000 acres respectively.
The large-scale promotion of “dry sowing and wet seeding” technology has improved the cotton seedling preservation rate, achieved uniform seedlings, strong and even seedlings, and promoted the cotton growth process. In addition, Nanjiang City has also vigorously promoted the application of water-saving and salt-reducing technologies, promoted density reduction shaping and new film covering technologies, shaped reasonable plant types, optimized population structure, enhanced disaster reduction and prevention capabilities, and increased seedling emergence rates.
Looking at the XPCC, the power of science and technology has penetrated into every aspect of cotton production, from breeding and cultivation to irrigation and pest and disease control.
The XPCC has always adhered to a new cotton production service mechanism in which technical personnel go directly to households, improved seeds and methods go directly to fields, and technical essentials go directly to people. During the critical periods of cotton sowing, field management, and harvesting, experts and professional technicians are organized to go to the fields to provide full coverage, network-style technical service guidance services to ensure cotton water and fertilizer management, appropriate topping, scientific control, and pest and disease management. Key technical measures such as prevention and control have been fully implemented. In 2022, the Agricultural and Rural Affairs Bureau of the Corps and the “Two Schools and One Institute” carried out technical services nearly 20 times, with more than 100 participants (times), and held more than 40 on-site meetings and training meetings at all levels (times).
Looking at the north and south of the Tianshan Mountains, large-scale, mechanized, and intensive cotton planting has become the mainstream. During the spring planting and autumn harvesting seasons, walking in the vast cotton fields of the Corps, one after another seeders and cotton pickers painted “geometric pictures”, and the scene of mechanized operations was spectacular.
The XPCC cotton industry has strong production capacity and is inseparable from advanced production technology. In recent years, the Corps has continuously improved the modernization, intelligent and informatization level of agricultural machinery operations, and improved the cotton satellite navigation sowing, intelligent management, precise control of water and fertilizer, precise chemical regulation, and wireless Standards for human-machine and large-scale mechanical plant protection operations, mechanical topping and other standards have formed a full-process mechanized cotton production standard system that is highly integrated with agricultural machinery and agronomy, and improved the level of full-process mechanization of cotton. Today, the comprehensive mechanization rate of farming and harvesting in the Corps’ planting industry is 95.3%, and the cotton mechanical harvesting rate is 94.2%.
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