Other finishing processing
Other finishing processing
Two-color distressed coating finishing–scratch coating
As people pursue lifestyle fashion, clothing fabrics are also undergoing more and more changes. Distressed clothing fabrics are no longer limited to single denim. Jacquard fabrics are applied to clothing after being coated in two colors and washed, which gives them a unique style. How to ensure that 30%-40% of the complexion is washed away, so as to properly expose the base color, form a two-color effect and have an antique style, is the key issue.
Key points for selecting fabrics: It is better to have a prominent and obvious cloth texture effect, which can better reflect the sharp contrast of colors and modern style. Cloth surface quality: clean and free of lint, broken yarn and other defects to ensure the beauty of the finished cloth surface. The pre-treatment should be uniform and thorough, and the hygroscopicity should be good to avoid undesirable phenomena such as color flowers, yin and yang surfaces after the garment is washed, and it is conducive to the uniform and full penetration of the coating color paste into the fiber, which in turn is conducive to the expression of the color effect after washing.
Process flow: Falling into the water and shaping – coating – drying (- coating – drying -) ready-made garments – washing
Embossed
Bleached, printed or dyed fabrics, after being padded with resin and properly dried, are then hot-rolled using metal rollers with patterns engraved on them to roll the fabric with concave and convex patterns, and then baked at high temperatures to fix the resin, making the concave and convex patterns rolled It is washable and wear-resistant, forming a product with novel concave and convex styles. This process is called coating or embossing. Mainly used for processing cotton, synthetic fibers and blended fabrics.
Hot stamping
In view of the environmental protection of the hot stamping process, hot stamping has been applied to more and more daily necessities. It has a high gloss that cannot be replaced by ink, has strong wash fastness, and the hot stamped fabric can be washed many times. Fading color makes clothing (fabrics) appear more noble and trendy, and has won the favor of more and more people. Instructions:
(1) Print the matching hot stamping paste onto the fabric using a 30T-43T screen, and print 2-3 times. The purpose is to make the surface of the fabric flat to ensure the hot stamping effect;
(2) Then hot stamp the corresponding hot stamping fabric and hot stamping foil on the hot stamping paste. The hot stamping temperature of ordinary gold and silver paper is about 160°C, and the hot stamping temperature of laser hot stamping paper is 130°C, and the time is 15 seconds. (The hot stamping time and temperature can be adjusted by yourself, subject to the fact that the hot stamping effect does not discolor).
Hot stamping method
(1) Hot blanching. After placing the clothes on the transfer machine, place the colored side of the hot stamping paper upward on the printed hot stamping paste. Adjust the temperature of the heat transfer machine and hot stamping machine to 160℃~170℃. The heat transfer machine takes 1~2 seconds. , the heat transfer machine takes 10 to 20 seconds to heat out the pattern (usually different parameters are used according to different environments).
(2) Cold perm. Place the colored side of the hot stamping paper upward on the printed cold stamping paste, and press firmly on the printing area.
Hot stamping foil
The main material for hot stamping is anodized aluminum (also called gold foil). It is made of polyester film as the base, coated with an alcohol-soluble dyeing resin layer, vacuum sprayed with metallic aluminum, and then coated with an adhesive layer. It consists of a base film layer, an alcohol-soluble dyeing resin layer (which can be divided into an isolation layer and a dyeing layer), an aluminum layer and an adhesive layer.
The base film layer is the carrier film for the other layers of the electrochemical aluminum foil, which plays a supporting role. The material used in the base film layer is a polyester film with a thickness of 12 to 16 μm.
The isolation layer can make the dyeing layer of the electrochemical aluminum foil and the base film layer easily separated during hot stamping; the dyeing layer is used to display the color of the electrochemical aluminum foil. It is composed of melamine aldehyde resin, silicone resin, etc. and dyes.
The aluminum plating layer can give the electrochemical aluminum foil a metallic luster. Aluminum is a good light-reflecting material. Gaseous aluminum can evenly adhere to the surface of the dyeing layer under vacuum.
The adhesive layer is mainly composed of methacrylate or shellac, which is used to bond the electrochemical aluminum foil coating to the printing material during hot stamping and to protect the aluminum coating.
Hot stamping mechanism
The hot stamping process includes:
Hot stamping preparation → plate mounting → pad → determination of hot stamping process parameters → trial hot stamping → sample signing → formal hot stamping.
The process mainly utilizes the principle of hot pressure transfer. Under the action of combined pressure, the anodized aluminum comes into contact with the hot stamping plate and the substrate. Due to the heating of the electric heating plate, the hot stamping plate has a certain amount of heat. The heating of the anodized aluminum melts the hot-melt dyeing resin layer and adhesive, and the dyeing resin layer has a strong adhesion. decreases, and the viscosity of the special heat-sensitive adhesive increases after melting. The aluminum layer and the anodized aluminum base film are peeled off and transferred to the substrate at the same time. As the pressure is removed, the adhesive cools and solidifies rapidly, and the aluminum layer is firmly attached to the substrate. Complete a hot stamping process.
From the perspective of the composition of anodized aluminum and the mechanism of hot stamping, in order to obtain the ideal hot stamping effect, the anodized aluminum foil used for hot stamping must meet the following requirements: the bottom layer is evenly coated, without obvious color differences, color bars and spots; the primer coating Uniform, smooth, white and free of impurities, no obvious streaks, sand spots and oxidation; good gloss; strong firmness; high definition; correct model.
Special effects crafts
Special effect hot stamping includes wrinkle hot stamping, concave and convex hot stamping, two-color mixed hot stamping, etc., which require fine production techniques, as briefly described below:
Add a little foaming paste to the hot stamping paste, and the printing process is the same as above. The wrinkle effect is achieved by crumpling the anodized aluminum onto the pattern during transfer and pressing. Because there is foaming slurry in the hot stamping paste, the paste surface and the anodized aluminum wrinkled surface form irregular wrinkles under high pressure during pressing, which is natural. Beautiful wrinkles appear instantly. The concave-convex effect is to add a layer of crumpled kraft paper on top of the hot stamping paper. During the pressing process, the hot stamping surface will show an uneven marble pattern effect. The hot stamping process is the same as wrinkle hot stamping.
PU and PA coating identification
1. Use the rubber to press it hard on the cloth and then lift it up. PA will stick to the rubber but PU will not stick to it.
2. Put a few drops of toluene on each of the coating surfaces of the two pieces of cloth (if possible), and then rub it gently with your hands. The PA coating will fall off, but PU is not easy.
3. PA coating has poor elasticity and is not resistant to wrinkles.
PVC rolling and PVC coating identification
In PVC calendering, the base fabric is first laid. The PVC slurry is made of PVC paste resin, which is pressed into a PVC film of a certain thickness by a special machine. It is then pressed on the base fabric at high temperature, and then trimmed and rolled. PVC coating is a special PVC glue that is directly applied to the base fabric with a dry coating, and then dried, cured, and rolled. The difference between the two is that one is a calendering method and the other is a direct coating using a dry method. Each product has its own advantages and disadvantages. The advantages of calendering are that it can be made very thick and can also be patterned, but the disadvantages are that the hand feel is poor. The fastness is poor. The advantages of coated PVC are: good hand feel, good fastness, and cheap price. The disadvantages are: the coating thickness is relatively thin and has high requirements on the base fabric (fabric with too thin weft density is not suitable for coating). The distinction depends on it. Thickness and fastness.
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