Basic knowledge of non-woven fabrics
Basic knowledge of non-woven fabrics
The exact name of non-woven fabrics should be non-woven fabrics, or non-woven fabrics. Because it is a fabric that does not require spinning and weaving. It just orients or randomly arranges short textile fibers or filaments to form a fiber mesh structure, and then uses mechanical, thermal bonding or chemical methods to reinforce it.
Characteristics of non-woven fabrics
Nonwoven fabrics break through traditional textile principles and have the characteristics of short process flow, fast production speed, high output, low cost, wide range of uses, and multiple sources of raw materials.
Uses of non-woven fabrics
Its main uses can be roughly divided into:
(1) Medical and sanitary non-woven fabrics: surgical gowns, protective clothing, disinfection wraps, masks, diapers, civilian rags, wipes, wet facial wipes, magic towels, soft towel rolls, beauty products, sanitary napkins, sanitary napkins Pads and disposable sanitary cloths, etc.;
(2) Non-woven fabrics for home decoration: wall coverings, tablecloths, sheets, bedspreads, etc.;
(3) Non-woven fabrics for clothing: linings, adhesive linings, wadding, shaped cotton, various synthetic leather base fabrics, etc.;
(4) Industrial non-woven fabrics; filter materials, insulation materials, cement packaging bags, geotextiles, covering fabrics, etc.;
(5) Non-woven fabrics for agriculture: crop protection cloth, seedling raising cloth, irrigation cloth, thermal insulation curtain, etc.;
(6) Other non-woven fabrics: space cotton, thermal insulation and sound insulation materials, linoleum-absorbing felt, cigarette filters, tea bags, etc.
Types of non-woven fabrics
According to different production processes, non-woven fabrics can be divided into:
1. Spunlace non-woven fabric: It sprays high-pressure fine water flow onto one or more layers of fiber webs to entangle the fibers with each other, so that the fiber webs can be reinforced and have a certain strength.
2. Heat-sealed non-woven fabric: refers to adding fibrous or powdery hot-melt adhesive reinforcement materials to the fiber web, and then the fiber web is heated, melted, and cooled to strengthen it into a cloth.
3. Pulp air-laid non-woven fabric: also known as dust-free paper and dry paper-making non-woven fabric. It uses air-laid technology to open the wood pulp fiberboard into a single fiber state, and then uses the air-laid method to agglomerate the fibers on the web curtain, and then strengthen the fiber web to form cloth.
4. Wet-laid non-woven fabrics: The fiber raw materials placed in the water medium are opened into single fibers, and different fiber raw materials are mixed at the same time to form a fiber suspension slurry. The suspension slurry is transported to the web-forming mechanism, and the fibers are in a wet state. It is formed into a web and then reinforced into cloth.
5. Spunbond non-woven fabric: After the polymer has been extruded and stretched to form continuous filaments, the filaments are laid into a web, and the web is then self-bonded, thermally bonded, chemically bonded or mechanically reinforced. Method to turn the fiber web into non-woven fabric.
6. Melt-blown non-woven fabric: its process: polymer feeding—melt extrusion—fiber formation—fiber cooling—web formation—reinforcement into cloth.
7. Needle-punched non-woven fabric: It is a type of dry-laid non-woven fabric. Needle-punched non-woven fabric uses the puncture effect of needles to reinforce the fluffy fiber web into cloth.
8. Stitch-bonded non-woven fabric: It is a type of dry-laid non-woven fabric. The stitch-bonded method uses the warp-knitted coil structure to embroider fiber mesh, yarn layer, non-woven materials (such as plastic sheets, plastic thin metal foil, etc.) or Their combination is reinforced to form a non-woven fabric.
What is non-woven fabric
The exact name of non-woven fabrics should be non-woven fabrics, or non-woven fabrics. Because it is a fabric that does not require spinning and weaving. It just orients or randomly arranges short textile fibers or filaments to form a fiber mesh structure, and then uses mechanical, thermal bonding or chemical methods to reinforce it.
Characteristics of non-woven fabrics
Nonwoven fabrics break through traditional textile principles and have the characteristics of short process flow, fast production speed, high output, low cost, wide range of uses, and multiple sources of raw materials.
Types of non-woven fabrics
According to different production processes, non-woven fabrics can be divided into:
1. Spunlace non-woven fabric: It sprays high-pressure fine water flow onto one or more layers of fiber webs to entangle the fibers with each other, so that the fiber webs can be reinforced and have a certain strength.
2. Heat-sealed non-woven fabric: refers to adding fibrous or powdery hot-melt adhesive reinforcement materials to the fiber web, and then the fiber web is heated, melted, and cooled to strengthen it into a cloth.
3. Pulp air-laid non-woven fabric: also known as dust-free paper and dry paper-making non-woven fabric. It uses air-laid technology to open the wood pulp fiberboard into a single fiber state, and then uses the air-laid method to agglomerate the fibers on the web curtain, and then strengthen the fiber web to form cloth.
4. Wet-laid non-woven fabrics: The fiber raw materials placed in the water medium are opened into single fibers, and different fiber raw materials are mixed at the same time to form a fiber suspension slurry. The suspension slurry is transported to the web-forming mechanism, and the fibers are in a wet state. It is formed into a web and then reinforced into cloth.
5. Spunbond non-woven fabric: After the polymer has been extruded and stretched to form continuous filaments, the filaments are laid into a web, and the web is then self-bonded, thermally bonded, chemically bonded or mechanically reinforced. Method to turn the fiber web into non-woven fabric.
6. Melt-blown non-woven fabric: its process: polymer feeding—melt extrusion—fiber formation—fiber cooling—web formation—reinforcement into cloth.
7. Needle-punched non-woven fabric: It is a type of dry-laid non-woven fabric. Needle-punched non-woven fabric uses the puncture effect of needles to reinforce the fluffy fiber web into cloth.
8. Stitch-bonding non-woven fabric: It is a type of dry-laid non-woven fabric. The stitch-bonding method uses…The knitted loop structure reinforces fiber webs, yarn layers, non-woven materials (such as plastic sheets, plastic thin metal foils, etc.) or their combinations to make non-woven fabrics.
Uses of non-woven fabrics
1. Non-woven fabrics for clothing
1), clothing, glove lining 2), thermal wadding material 3), underwear, outerwear 4), clothing label 5), shopping bag
2. Leather, non-woven fabrics for shoemaking
1), lining 2), fabric 3), base fabric 4), middle padding material
3. Home decoration, home non-woven fabrics
1), carpets and base fabrics 2), wall materials 3), furniture decoration 4), dustproof cloth 5), spring wrapping cloth, isolation cloth 6), audio cloth 7), bedding and curtains, curtains 8) , other decorations 9), rags, wet and dry bright cloth 10), filter cloth 11), apron 12), cleaning bag 13), mop 14), napkin, tablecloth, tablecloth 15), ironing felt, soft cushion 16) , sleeping bag, tarpaulin, tent
4. Non-woven fabrics for medical and health use
1), clinical supplies 2), sterile isolation gown, hat, shoe covers 3), dressing cloth, bandage 4), wet towel, cotton ball 5), mask, face shield 6), curtain 7), mattress, bed sheet
8), disinfection blood filtration, sterilization cloth 9), sanitary napkins, diapers 10), vacuum bags 11), tea bags, coffee bags 12), travel underwear 13), incontinence products 14), wet and dry rags 15), cosmetic use Paper 16), lens cleaning paper 17), soft pad 18), other medical and sanitary materials
5. Construction, civil engineering, water utilization non-woven fabrics
1), geotextile 2), asphalt roadbed 3), highway, railway roadbed 4), soil reinforcement 5), drainage 6), river dam 7), golf course, tennis court cloth 8), artificial turf 9), anti- Soil deposition and erosion 10), anti-silt 11), building waterproofing materials 12), insulating cloth 13), sound-absorbing materials 14), tents 15), pipe wrapping 16), other building materials
6. Non-woven fabrics for filter materials
7. Industrial non-woven fabrics
1), coated cloth 2), polishing material 3), wiping cloth 4), sterile clothing 5), abrasive products 6), cable wrapping cloth 7), battery separator 8), plastic reinforced cloth 9), tape 10) , protective clothing, laboratory clothing 11), absorbent material 12), lubricating pad 13), flame retardant cloth 14), conveyor belt 15), disposable felt 16), papermaking felt 17), sound-absorbing felt
8. Non-woven fabrics for automobile industry
9. Non-woven fabrics for packaging
10. Non-woven fabrics for agriculture and horticulture
1), thermal insulation covering 2), frost protection, insect protection 3), soil and water conservation 4), soilless cultivation 5), artificial vegetation 6), lawn protection 7), plant mulch 8), seedling cultivation cloth
11. Non-woven fabrics for military and defense industries
12. Non-woven fabrics for other industries
Spunlaced nonwovens concept:
Spunlaced nonwoven fabric is also called spunlaced nonwoven fabric, also called “jet-spunlace nonwoven fabric”. The concept of “jet-jet cloth” comes from the mechanical needle punching process. The so-called “jet spray net” uses high-pressure water flow to penetrate into the fiber net to entangle the fibers with each other, so that the original loose fiber net has a certain strength and complete structure. The process flow is: fiber metering and mixing-opening and impurity removal-mechanical random carding into a web-fiber web pre-wetting-water needle entanglement-surface treatment-drying-coiling-inspection-packaging and storage. The jet spray device uses high-speed flowing high-pressure water to spray the fiber web, so that the fibers in the fiber web are rearranged and intertwined with each other to become a non-woven fabric with a complete structure, certain strength and other properties. The physical properties of this spunlace non-woven fabric are different from common needle-punched non-woven fabrics. It is the only non-woven fabric that can make the final product similar to textiles in terms of feel and performance.
Advantages of hydroentanglement:
There is no extrusion of the fiber web during the spunlace process, thereby increasing the bulkiness of the final product; no resin or adhesive is used, thereby maintaining the inherent softness of the fiber web; the high integrity of the product avoids The product produces a fluffy phenomenon; the fiber web has high mechanical strength, which can reach 80% to 90% of the strength of textiles; the fiber web can be mixed with any type of fiber. It is particularly worth mentioning that spunlace fiber mesh can be compounded with any base fabric to make composite products. Products with various functions can be produced according to different uses.
Advantages of spunlace:
1. Soft and good drape;
2. Good strength;
3. High hygroscopicity and quick moisture;
4. Low lint;
5. Washable;
6. No chemical additives;
7. Appearance similar to textiles.
The prospect of spunlace cloth:
Due to the advantages of spunlace cloth, it has become an area of rapid technological progress in the non-manufacturing industry in recent years. The development direction of nonwovens is to replace textiles and knitwear. Spunlace has become a potential field to compete with the textile market due to its textile-like characteristics, excellent physical properties, and high quality and low price.
Applications of spunlaced cloth:
1. Medical aspects
Disposable surgical gowns, surgical drapes, operating tablecloths, surgical aprons, etc.;
Wound dressings, bandages, gauze, band-aids, etc.;
2. Clothing such as clothing interlinings, baby clothes, training clothes, disposable colorful clothes for carnival nights, various protective clothing such as surgical clothes, etc.;
3. Wipes such as household, personal, beauty, industrial, and medical dry and wet wipes;
4. Decorative fabrics such as car interiors, home interiors, stage decorations, etc.;
5. Agricultural products such as thermal insulation greenhouses, anti-weed growth, harvest cloth, insect-proof fresh-keeping cloth, etc.;
6. Spunlaced non-woven fabrics can also be used for composite processing, which can produce products with a “sandwich” structure and develop new composite materials for a variety of uses. fqwfasgawegr
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