Research status of UV resistance
Research status of UV resistance
2.1 Overseas research
In recent years, the depth and breadth of UV protection research have varied across countries. In some developed countries, the textile industry has developed and researched UV protection products into a certain scale of production. Countries with strong sunshine at low latitudes, represented by Australia, took the lead in developing and researching anti-UV textiles to protect the human body, and brought anti-UV textiles into the commercialization stage. Japan, which has always been in an international position in the development of anti-UV fabrics, has successively launched shirts, hats, sportswear, sun umbrellas and other products with anti-UV radiation functions, which have been welcomed by consumers.
Australia and New Zealand pay more attention to UV protection. They have developed testing standards and evaluation methods for UV-resistant finishing fabrics. In 1996, the UPF value was used to indicate the UV shielding performance of clothing. It is necessary for our country to formulate corresponding standards on the basis of referring to relevant international and foreign standards in order to integrate with international standards and facilitate product exports. UV protectants can be divided into UV absorbers and UV shielding agents. The former are mostly organic compounds, while the latter are mostly inorganic compounds.
In recent years, Japan’s research on anti-ultraviolet rays has achieved significant results. Its anti-ultraviolet products have been loved and consumed by consumers and have been recognized internationally. For example, Japan’s Kuraray Company’s product [ESMO] fiber uses ultra-fine zinc oxide particles (n-100, n-200) developed by Japan’s Sumitomo Cement Company to obtain ultraviolet protection properties. Because ultrafine zinc oxide particles can be adsorbed on fabrics in a monodispersed state, the products finished with it have high transparency. Ultra-fine zinc oxide particles have excellent performance and are hexagonal crystals. The reason why ultrafine zinc oxide particles are easy to disperse is because the ultrafine zinc oxide particles have high crystallinity and small specific surface energy. Japan has developed nanoscale zinc oxide or titanium oxide shielding agents. [RICAKGUARD], a product of Japan’s Shiibo Company, is a fabric finished with compounds such as aliphatic polyols. The finished fabric has good UV resistance. According to reports, the color fastness, air permeability and hygroscopicity of cotton and polyester/cotton fabrics treated with compounds such as aliphatic polyols have basically not changed much. The UVA transmittance and UVB transmittance of the finished fabric are very low, and it has excellent UV protection and washability.
2.2 Domestic research situation
Research on UV protection started relatively late in our country, and not many results have been achieved. In recent years, some companies and universities in my country’s eastern coastal areas have conducted research and development on fibers and fabrics with anti-UV functions. For example, the nano-scale ceramic cotton textile developed by my country’s Xiamen Huapu High-Tech Industrial Co., Ltd. also has anti-ultraviolet, antibacterial and far-infrared heat preservation functions. Shandong Julong Chemical Company has successfully developed an anti-UV finishing agent for cotton fabrics by combining ultraviolet absorbers and shielding agents in a reasonable manner. Domestic universities with textile majors, materials majors and chemical engineering majors have also conducted research on anti-ultraviolet products. For example, the Chemical Fiber Engineering Research Center of Donghua University has developed chemical fiber-grade anti-UV ultrafine powder and masterbatch. The Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology has tested fabrics treated with zinc oxide. Fabrics treated with titanium dioxide have good UV resistance, low UV transmittance, and excellent washability.
Generally speaking, the following two methods are mainly used in the production of UV-resistant textiles at home and abroad.
The seed production method is to obtain UV-resistant fibers, and then blend and interweave the UV-resistant fibers with ordinary fibers to form UV-resistant fabric products with permanent UV-resistant properties. Since inorganic UV shielding agents are heat-resistant and oxidation-resistant, they can be incorporated into polyester masterbatch and spun into UV-resistant fibers. Among them, the one with better effect is the use of nano-scale ceramic powder. This product has not been reported in China.
The second method is the post-finishing method, which uses ultraviolet screening agent to impregnate or coat the surface of the fabric to play a certain protective role. In recent years, there has been a lot of research on this topic.
Among the two types of production methods for anti-UV products, the anti-UV fabric products produced by this method have the same style and long-lasting and effective anti-UV function, but they also have shortcomings such as longer production routes, more complex processing, and higher costs. The second method has a relatively short production route, relatively simple processing, and lower cost, but the fabric style and durability are not as good as the former.
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