Expansion of application fields of air-jet spinning
Expansion of application areas of air-jet spinning
Air-jet spinning is a unique new spinning method in the current spinning field. It has the advantages of short process flow, fast speed, high output, and low yarn hairiness. It has been more than 20 years since my country first introduced air-jet spinning machines in 1985. However, due to limitations in the application of downstream products, the development of my country’s air-jet spinning technology has been slow. Only in recent years, with the development of air-jet spinning products, has air-jet spinning gradually developed.
The yarn forming mechanism of air-jet spinning is to use the high-speed rotating air flow field of the two-stage nozzle to blow and twist the outer fibers of the fiber assembly so that they cover the inner fibers to form air-jet spinning yarn.
The yarn structure of air-jet spinning is a composite structure, that is, part of the fibers are parallel and untwisted and serve as the core yarn; the other part of the fibers is wrapped around the outer edge of the core yarn. The outer edge wrapped fibers have a “Z” direction twist and generate centripetal force on the core yarn, causing the fibers to tightly adhere to each other and aggregate to form air-jet wrapped yarn. Therefore, the yarn structure of air-jet spinning is completely different from that of ring spinning.
Applicable raw materials for air-jet spinning: pure spinning or blending of various natural fibers, synthetic fibers and new fibers with fiber lengths less than 2 inches.
The spinnable yarn count of air-jet spinning: 20-80 English count (30-7.4tex).
Since the yarn formation mechanisms of air-jet spinning and ring spinning are different, the yarn characteristics are also different. Taking T65/C35 polyester-cotton blended yarn as an example, a comparative experiment found that:
——The single yarn strength of air-jet spinning yarn is about 10% lower than that of ring spinning yarn, but the strength unevenness is small, and its comprehensive index is better than that of ring spinning yarn.
——The evenness of air-jet spinning yarn is lower than that of ring spinning yarn, and there are fewer yarn defects.
——The long hairiness of air-jet spinning yarn is less than that of ring spinning yarn; hairiness above 3mm is reduced by 80% to 90% compared with ring spinning yarn. However, the short hairiness of about 0.2mm is 40% more than that of ring-spun yarn. Therefore, the anti-pilling performance of air-jet spinning is particularly superior.
——The production rate of air-jet spinning yarn is high, about 2% higher than that of ring spinning.
——Under the same spinning count conditions, the actual diameter of air-jet spinning yarn is about 4% to 5% thicker than that of ring-spun yarn, indicating that the appearance of air-jet spinning yarn is fluffy.
The test shows that the comprehensive quality evaluation of air-jet spinning yarn is better. Except for the single yarn strength which is lower than that of ring-spun yarn, other quality indicators are better than that of ring-spun yarn. The most outstanding thing is that air-jet spinning yarn has fewer thick places and long hairs above 3mm, and the strength unevenness value is lower than that of ring-spun yarn. It is very suitable for weaving new looms such as rapier looms and air-jet looms, and can increase loom efficiency by 2%-3%. At the same time, air-jet spinning has higher speed, larger output, lower noise and shorter process than ring spinning. Therefore, air-jet spinning also has the advantages of less labor and low cost per thousand spindles.
At present, our country has developed many new varieties of yarn using air-jet spinning technology. There are not only cotton, Tencel, Modal, bamboo pulp fiber, holy linen, viscose, soy fiber, fine denier acrylic and other pure yarns; there are also polyester/cotton, nylon/cotton, Modal/cotton, bamboo pulp fiber/cotton , linen/cotton, viscose/cotton, soybean fiber/cotton and other blended yarns; and also produces cotton/polyester, cotton/nylon, viscose/polyester, Tencel/polyester, flame-retardant chlorine fiber/glass fiber, etc. Core spun yarn.
According to the characteristics of air-jet spinning yarn, it is suitable for use in casual clothing, home bedding and decorative products. It can be used to make both knitted products and woven products. The style of the products is unique and novel, which is unmatched by ring-spun yarn products. For example, more knitted T-shirt products have been developed. The fabric surface is even and full, with no weft and skew, few streaks, anti-pilling, cool and breathable, and strong three-dimensional effect; bedding has a thick feel and good wear resistance.
Other types of products can also be developed, such as: using the characteristics of short hairiness and high hairiness of air-jet spinning yarn to develop brushed fabrics, the suede surface is smooth and strong, and the strength loss of the fabric is small; air-jet spinning yarn has uniform lines and is more suitable for development High-count ply yarn products have a fine and clean surface and soft hand feel; air-jet spinning core-spun yarn has good wrapping fastness and the fiber is not easy to peel off. The developed linen-like and wool-like fabrics have a unique and natural style. Air-jet spinning yarn has a fluffy appearance, and its products are easy to color, have high dye uptake rate and bright colors. Therefore, air-jet spinning yarn provides a new way for the development of differentiated and personalized products.
The core advantages of air-jet spinning are large output, short process and less labor. Therefore, there are currently many applications in developed countries. The United States is an early country in the application of air-jet spinning yarn. 50% of its bedding textiles use air-jet spinning yarn. In addition, it is also widely used in knitted clothing and various decorative products. superior. The development of downstream products of air-jet spinning yarns in my country has begun to take shape. It is believed that with the enrichment of products and the expansion of clothing varieties, the application fields and output of air-jet spinning yarns will become larger and larger.
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