Miraculous luminous textile fibers
The earlier self-luminous materials can be traced back to the radium element discovered by Marie Curie, which is called the first-generation self-luminous material and has certain radioactivity; the second-generation self-luminous material, the traditional sulfide fluorescent material, has It has certain toxicity to the human body, radioactivity, and shortcomings such as low luminance and short duration, which limits its application fields. The third generation of light-storing self-luminous materials was produced in the 1990s. Compared with the previous two generations, this material has significant advantages such as non-toxic and non-radioactive.
The luminescent materials currently produced are mainly divided into two categories: self-luminous and light-storage. The basic component of self-luminous luminescent materials is radioactive materials. They do not need to absorb energy from the outside and can continue to emit light no matter night or day. . However, because it contains radioactive substances and does not meet the requirements of environmental protection, its use is greatly restricted, and disposal after disposal is also a big problem. The main luminescent materials for light storage are zinc sulfide luminescent materials and rare earth materials that have developed rapidly in recent years. Aluminate series luminescent materials. Rare earth aluminate luminescent materials have the advantages of long luminescence time, high brightness, non-toxic, harmless and non-radioactive, and relatively stable chemical properties. Their luminescent properties are significantly better than zinc sulfide. In terms of molecular structure, rare earth elements have rich electronic energy levels and can produce transitions between multiple energy levels. When visible light irradiates rare earth ions, electrons transition from the ground state or lower energy level to the upper energy level, absorbing light, and Light energy is stored in fibers. When there is no visible light, electrons transition from the upper energy level of the excited state to the lower energy level or ground state, producing light emission and releasing the energy stored in the fiber. Due to the different energy differences between the transition energy levels of rare earth ions, different colors of light can be emitted. The principle of light color synthesis is used to combine the ternary colors (red, yellow, and blue) in a certain way to form rich and colorful effects.
The “Rare Earth Luminous Fiber” scientific research project jointly developed by Wuxi Hongyuan Chemical Fiber Experimental Factory and Jiangnan University has passed the scientific and technological achievement appraisal organized by the Jiangsu Provincial Department of Science and Technology and the new product appraisal organized by the Jiangsu Provincial Economic and Trade Commission. This product is a colorful rare earth luminous fiber successfully developed using high-tech and nano-level technology. It has various colors such as red, yellow, blue, green, etc. It is colorful and does not require dyeing to avoid environmental pollution. Rare earth luminous fiber is a new type of high-tech functional fiber. As long as it absorbs any visible light for 10 minutes, it can store light energy in the fiber, continue to glow in a dark environment for more than 10 hours, and can be recycled indefinitely.
The GOLTEX company in New York, USA, recently invented a luminous polymer fiber. It uses phosphorus as the basic ingredient before spinning, adds strontium and other ingredients, and then processes it into a masterbatch, which is then spun. Added to the raw materials during the process, the result is a better luminous effect than the same material without added pigments, and the luminescence lasts for at least 8 hours. This fiber can be produced with many polymers, such as polyester, polypropylene, nylon, and polyethylene.
Leuchttextil is a luminous fiber that was jointly developed by two authoritative German institutions, LBM and Gerster. This product weaves photoconductors and textile fibers into a translucent fabric that can be used as an ordinary For curtain fibers or textile wallpapers, the internal connections of the photoconductors make the fabric emit white or colored light.
With the successful development of various luminous coatings (phosphors) and their greatly improved performance, luminous coatings have gradually been industrialized and promoted. This kind of luminescent material can absorb sunlight or light, “store” the absorbed light energy, and release the absorbed light energy when the light source stops irradiating. The following issues should be paid attention to during the production of this material: Luminous powder with a small particle size range should be selected, generally 4 to 7 μm. If the particle size is too large, the spinnability and mechanical properties of the fiber will be greatly affected; spinning During the spinning process, an appropriate amount of spinning aids should be added to increase the spinnability of the yarn; the molecular weight and distribution of molecular polymers have a great influence on spinning. To produce different types of luminescent fibers, different melt indexes should be used. Polymer compounds; special oils should be used as spinning oils to improve the cohesion and lubrication of the yarns.
Products made from luminescent fibers can be widely used in textile and clothing, aviation and navigation, national defense industry, building decoration, transportation, night operations, daily life, entertainment and leisure and other fields. Textiles produced with luminous fibers can be suitable for knitting, needle hooking, weaving, embroidery and other fields. The main products include industrial sewing thread, embroidery thread, clothing fabrics, apparel and decorative fabrics such as weaving fabrics, underwear, curtains, door curtains, tablecloths, shoelaces, mobile phone lanyards, embroidery, plush fabrics, carpet fabrics, tapestry fabrics, sofas Fabrics, embroidery products, etc.
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