19. How to reduce or prevent the release of formaldehyde after textiles are finished with resin?
Answer There are two main ways to effectively reduce formaldehyde release.
① Carry out hydroxymethyl etherification of the continuously free formaldehyde. When lower alcohol is used to etherify methylol, the stability of the C-N bond can be improved. At this time, unreacted free formaldehyde can also react with alcohol to form acetal or hemiacetal, thus reducing the amount of free formaldehyde and release.
Generally, methanol, ethanol, diethylene glycol, etc. are commonly used. Free formaldehyde in etherified 2D resin and melamine resin products can be reduced to less than 0.3%. Among them, the methanol etherified 2D resin can reduce the formaldehyde release amount to 300 mg/kg, while the diethylene glycol denaturation is even lower, reaching less than 100 mg/kg. The general reactivity of hydroxymethyl resin modified by etherification is lower than that before unmodification. High-efficiency catalysts such as magnesium chloride and citric acid mixed catalyst can be used. This type of resin also has two types: highly etherified and partially etherified. The two-step process is more effective in reducing formaldehyde than the one-step process. During the reaction process, the pH value, reaction temperature and reaction time must be strictly controlled. It is worth recommending the use of diethylene glycol. When diethylene glycol and 2D resin are mixed at a 2:1 (molar ratio), the amount of formaldehyde released is significantly reduced. Some people have used polyether modified silicone oil CGF and 2D resin together. 3~4g/L CGF can also reduce the amount of 2D resin by 30%~50%, and free formaldehyde can be reduced by 70%~80%. 
The above two methods cannot eradicate the harm of formaldehyde, but can only reduce the amount of formaldehyde released. To completely eradicate the formaldehyde problem, formaldehyde must not be used in production (including products produced without raw materials generated by the formaldehyde reaction).
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