Promote the green development of agriculture. How does the Xinjiang Corps bid farewell to “white pollution” in farmland?
In recent years, the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps has worked hard to be an “ecological guardian”, carrying out in-depth treatment of waste mulch film pollution in farmland, and effectively promoting the green and efficient development of agriculture.
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Data shows that in 2021, the Xinjiang Corps’ recycling rate of used agricultural film in the current season reached more than 90%. The average residual film amount in the sampling test of discarded agricultural film was 2.66 kg/mu, and the average value reached the national standard, fully eliminating the third-level severe pollution and The Group Field with Level 4 serious pollution has achieved the planned goals of the “14th Five-Year Plan” ahead of schedule.
Mulch is widely used and incomplete picking up leads to “white pollution”
Using mulch film can help the soil retain heat and moisture, and reduce weeds, diseases and insect pests. However, incomplete picking can lead to soil contamination. How to fundamentally solve the problem of residual film pollution is an urgent issue to achieve sustainable agricultural development.
In the early 1980s, the Xinjiang Corps began to introduce mulch cultivation technology to grow cotton, and it was later used on other mulched crops. While continuous farming for many years has brought certain economic benefits to agriculture, it has also caused the residual film pollution in farmland to increase year by year.
According to estimates, before the Xinjiang Corps implemented the treatment of residual film pollution in farmland, the average amount of residual film per mu of land reached about 25 kilograms. It is urgent to control the pollution of residual film in farmland.
In this regard, the Xinjiang Corps has taken multiple measures to carry out in-depth treatment of farmland waste mulch pollution.
In 2017, the Xinjiang Corps mobilized more than 10,000 people to investigate the contamination of waste mulch films on farmland in 148 regiment farms. On this basis, the Xinjiang Corps formulated and implemented the “Three-Year Action Plan for the Control of Remaining Film Pollution in Farmland of the Corps”. According to the pollution The situation divides cultivated land into four levels, determines the annual waste mulch reduction task target, implements classified policies, and implements hierarchical management.
Promulgated the “Assessment Methods for the Comprehensive Control of Wasted Agricultural Film Pollution of the Corps (Trial)” to clarify “who pollutes, who will control, and who benefits, who will control”, establish a field ledger system, carry out regular monitoring and acceptance before spring sowing, and carry out regular monitoring and acceptance at all levels. Sign a responsibility letter for the recycling of waste mulch films, evaluate the effectiveness of the management work every year, and consolidate the management responsibilities.
In accordance with the overall requirements of “containing the increase, reducing the stock, controlling the ground, and digging out the underground” and graded management, the Xinjiang Corps has continuously established and improved a long-term mechanism for the comprehensive management of residual film pollution in farmland, and strives to solve the outstanding problem of residual film pollution in farmland , improve the agricultural production environment, and accelerate the recycling of farmland residual film resources.
In response to the main problems existing in the comprehensive treatment of residual film pollution in farmland, the Xinjiang Corps has achieved great results in the comprehensive treatment of residual film pollution in farmland by promoting the implementation of new and efficient innovations in residual film recycling machines, innovation in film-covered cultivation models, and guiding enterprises to innovate recycling and reuse. Staged progress.
Based on different agricultural conditions, each division (city) actively explores management methods on cotton, sugar beet, seed corn and other mulched crops to further improve work effectiveness.
The Xinjiang Corps proposed to achieve zero growth in mulch film residue by 2025.
“Mechanical + labor” curbs growth and reduces inventory
Every year before spring sowing and after autumn harvest, each regiment field of the Xinjiang Corps will recycle and reuse the residual film on farmland to reduce its pollution to farmland, continue to “detoxify” farmland, and return the fields to pure soil.
Different from the past, the Xinjiang Corps’ farmland film residue recycling no longer relies solely on manual labor, and machinery plays an increasingly important role.
In recent years, the Xinjiang Corps has adhered to “source control, pilot first, scientific governance, and comprehensive policy implementation” and summarized and promoted the “mechanical + manual” governance model, effectively curbing the increase and reducing the stock.
For the mulch film in the current season, focus on “one peeling, two rolling and three picking” in the field, that is, peeling off the whole film or edge film at the appropriate time during the growth period, mechanical rolling of the film in spring and autumn, and picking up the waste mulching film in the 0-15 cm plow layer of the soil. . For the mulch in the cultivated layer, focus on mechanical picking up after plowing and before soil preparation.
Before spring sowing this year, the 11th Regiment of the First Division of the Xinjiang Corps organized manual labor to carry out the second round of picking up residual film in each cotton field. If the inspection did not meet the standards, spring sowing operations would not be carried out.
“In the past, the residual film was left in the ground and blown everywhere by the wind. It not only affected the living environment, but also harmed the soil structure and affected the crop yield in the coming year. In recent years, the company has concentrated the collected residual film and also There are processing plants for centralized recycling,” said Xiao Jianhua, an employee of the 8th Company of the 11th Regiment.
“The whole regiment has more than 138,000 acres of cultivated land, and about 130,000 acres of cultivated land are covered with film. The recycling rate of residual film reaches more than 95%.” said Deng Rongtao, a staff member of the Agricultural Development Service Center of the 11th Regiment.
The Xinjiang Corps has made good use of the national agricultural machinery purchase subsidy policy and encouraged employees to purchase new residual film recycling machinery. The number of recycling machinery in each regiment has increased significantly, and the types of machinery have been updated at an accelerated pace.
Arrange special science and technology funds to support relevant scientific research teams, carry out research and demonstration of technology and equipment for comprehensive treatment of residual film pollution in farmland, and continuously improve the level of mechanized recycling of waste mulch films.
“Now this integrated machine for returning straw to the field and recycling residual film can complete the crushing and returning of straw to the field, shoveling and cutting of stubble, and picking up film in one go.” said Zhao Taifu, an employee of the 222nd Regiment of the 12th Division.
According to the 222nd Regiment Agricultural Development Service Center, the machinery operates 300 acres per day, which is cleaner and more efficient than manual film removal.
Comprehensively promote the use of thickened mulch films to increase recycling rates
In recent years, the Xinjiang Corps has arranged financial funds at this level to carry out waste mulch recycling test demonstrations through waste mulch recycling subsidies, waste mulch pollution monitoring and evaluation, recycling subsidies, etc., and continuously improve the level of resource utilization of waste mulch .
During the cotton sowing work this spring, relevant divisions of the Xinjiang Corps comprehensively promoted the use of high-strength thickened mulch films to put the land in “environmental protection new clothes.
“The thickness of traditional mulch film is about 0.01 mm. It is fragile during use and the recycling rate is low, which can only reach 80%.” Nur Ai, a technician at the Agricultural Development Center of Jiahe Town, Tumushuk City, Third Division Hamati said that this year they promoted the use of thickened films, which are 0.015 mm thick and have better heat and moisture retention. The biggest advantage is that the recycling rate can reach 95% by the end of the year, and it can reach 98% with manual picking.
The First Division Alar City has increased policy subsidies and actively guided employees to use thickened films to grow cotton, ensuring the recyclability of mulch films from the source and promoting the green development of agriculture.
Take the 10th Regiment of Alar City of the First Division as an example. The regiment has promoted the use of thickened film on 95,000 acres, accounting for 47% of this year’s cotton sowing area.
“It is also for the purpose of recycling residual film and playing an environmental and ecological role. Next year we will vigorously promote thickened films.” said Miao Aijiang, deputy secretary and company commander of the 13th Company of the 10th Regiment.
Today, Alar City, the First Division, has formed a three-level agricultural film recycling network system to win the battle against agricultural pollution with sophisticated modern management.
How to deal with recycled waste mulch? In some enterprises in the Xinjiang Corps, they are processed into recycled plastic particles and used to produce plastic products such as drip irrigation tapes.
Fortunately, the new degradable mulch film developed by Alar City Yitian Agricultural Development Co., Ltd. has also been successful. It has been trialled in corn fields and watermelon fields in 2021 with good results.
Degradable mulch film will automatically degrade into water, carbon dioxide and humus after use, which will help protect farmland environment and improve ecology, and promote the green development of agriculture.
In 2022, Alar City, the First Division, conducted the first large-scale trial of planting cotton with degradable mulch films in multiple companies of the 2nd Regiment. Once successful, it can be promoted and used on a large scale.
In order to fundamentally solve the problem of residual film pollution, it may be a good choice to actively promote the application of degradable mulch films and promote the harmless use of mulch films.
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