Liaoning: Scientific research services production and scientific breeding lay a solid foundation for the development of the tussah industry

We all know that tussah silkworms are also called wild silkworms. This is because tussah silkworms can only be raised on oak trees in the wild and cannot be raised at home like mulberry silkworms. So is silkworm release just as simple as releasing silkworm seeds into the wild? What are the methods here? Today we went to the Liaoning Sericulture Research Institute in Fengcheng to learn together.

Li Xisheng, deputy director of the Liaoning Provincial Sericulture Science Research Institute: “Liaoning Province has always been the largest province in tussah production in my country. In addition to our international leadership in practical technology and research levels, we are also the largest in terms of production scale. It is the largest in the country. The current area of tussah gardens in the province is approximately 8 million acres. Our actual annual utilization is about 6 million acres. The average output of tussah cocoons is about 50,000 tons, reaching a record high of 57,000 tons in 2022. tons, accounting for 60% of the country’s tussah cocoon production, and we are undoubtedly the largest province in tussah production.”

Liaoning is not only the main producing province of tussah cocoons in my country, but also the research center for the development and utilization of tussah germplasm resources. From the collection, sorting and protection of silkworm seeds to the subsequent introduction of new tussah varieties with high quality, high yield, high efficiency and strong resistance, Liaoning Province has always maintained an international leading position in the field of research on the development and utilization of tussah germplasm resources.

Li Xisheng, deputy director of the Liaoning Provincial Sericulture Science Research Institute: “Our institute is a national research institute focusing on tussah research. It is now affiliated to the Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences. It is a public welfare research and scientific research unit and is also the national leader in tussah research. As the leading unit, the establishment has achieved 228 scientific and technological achievements, especially 5 National Invention Awards, 1 National Science and Technology Progress Award and 1 National Science and Technology Conference Award, leading the direction for the development of the national tussah industry. At the same time, some of our other achievements , accounting for more than 70% of the total achievements in the tussah industry. Currently, we mainly focus on tussah variety breeding, disease prevention, ecological tussah garden construction, and comprehensive utilization of resources, etc. as our main directions to provide support for the development of the industry.”

The Liaoning Provincial Sericulture Research Institute has an internationally leading academic level in the research fields of new tussah variety breeding and resource protection, tussah disease and pest control, etc. This is also the research field that has achieved the most results and contributed the most to the industry in tussah scientific research.

Zhao Na, Liaoning Provincial Sericulture Science Research Institute: “The first thing we see is the research on the innovative utilization of domestic germplasm resources. Currently, we have 77 tussah varieties preserved in our institute, accounting for more than 65% of the country’s total tussah resources. What follows? What we see are several varieties of tussah silkworms with special body colors, including small white silkworm, green skin, Fangshan yellow, Jiaolan, Luhong, and Qing No. 6. What we see here is the tussah silkworm’s abdominal fly disease. After eating this oak leaf, the parasitoid fly senses the smell emitted by the oak leaf, and then lays eggs on the leaf surface. After the tussah silkworm feeds, it parasitizes the body of the silkworm. Finally, the tussah silkworm is infected with this parasitic fly. Such diseases cause Our industry was almost wiped out. In the end, the Ministry of Agriculture organized more than 40 experts and colleges and universities to research the disease. Finally, we developed the No. 4 Fly Killer to prevent and control the disease, and finally saved the world. Our tussah industry”.

The Liaoning Provincial Sericulture Research Institute focuses on the long-term market and industry development needs at home and abroad, based on the unique advantages of my country’s tussah natural resources, technical resources and other social resources, with improving resource utilization efficiency and sustainable utilization as the core , carry out in-depth selection and breeding of new edible varieties of tussah silkworms suitable for different regions and uses.

Li Xisheng, deputy director of the Liaoning Provincial Sericulture Science Research Institute: “Our institute’s research has always been targeted at the key bottlenecks that restrict industrial development. In our current research, we are also targeting market demand in species selection and breeding. Choose varieties with different adaptability and different uses. For example, for food, we want to breed varieties with high nutritional value and good taste. We are aiming at the development of high-end cocoon silk products. We also carry out high-end cocoon silk products. Research on the Breeding of Cocoon Silk Varieties”.

At the same time, the Liaoning Sericulture Research Institute carries out research on the ecological construction of the tussah garden and the efficient utilization of tussah garden resources, striving to develop and utilize the tussah garden resources at multiple levels and in an all-round way, and jointly promote the efficient, green and healthy development of the tussah silkworm industry.

Li Xisheng, deputy director of the Liaoning Provincial Sericulture Science Research Institute: “The entire ecological stocking technology has been a research direction since the establishment, such as different stocking models, different levels of leaf eating and different management of oak orchards. We have been carrying out ecological research, and at the same time, we have been working on key issues in terms of labor saving and efficiency. This is also one of our main directions. For example, our stocking method and stocking model, which are in charge of the province we are in charge of, The research on the efficient three-dimensional circulation stocking technology model strives to achieve the goal of raising silkworms on trees. After the silkworms eat the eucalyptus leaves under the tree, 15% of it is converted into silk protein and pupal protein, and 85% is returned to the ground in the form of silkworm excrement. We are also conducting research on Chinese herbal medicine and wild vegetables on the ground. At the same time, we are developing the edible fungi industry through the rotating branches in our garden. We are experimenting with this model.Several major production lines are in the trial stage.

With the development of science and technology and the improvement of people’s living standards, the diversified utilization of tussah resources has become an important issue. The Liaoning Provincial Sericulture Research Institute has increased research and development efforts in many fields such as medicine, health care, and food, striving to extend the tussah industry chain, broaden resource utilization channels, improve the technical level and economic added value of products, and promote the tussah industry I, II, The deep integration of the three industries promotes the healthy and sustainable development of the tussah industry.

“The next thing we see is the comprehensive utilization of sericulture resources. The first thing we see is the tussah pupae. Now most of the tussah pupae, 90% of the tussah pupae are used for food. We have also developed some before. Cordyceps militaris, as we often call it, has similar nutritional value to Cordyceps sinensis. We connected the Cordyceps fungus to the pupa, and then Cordyceps grew. We also developed some health products, and this kind of food is seen on the market. The yellow pupae and fairy pupae that arrived are deeply loved by the people.”

The Liaoning Provincial Sericulture Science Research Institute has long adhered to the principle of scientific research being oriented to production, and has always regarded outstanding problems in tussah production as key topics of scientific research, and has worked closely with the production department to transform scientific research results into real productivity in a timely manner. Promote the development of the tussah industry through advances in tussah technology.

AAA

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