Breaking news! At 10:03 a.m. on the 16th, a fire broke out in the workshop of Xiamen Xiafang Textile Co., Ltd. at No. 7 Textile West Road, Jimei District!
The Xinglin Fire Squadron quickly mobilized 10 fire trucks from three squadrons to rush to the scene. It was initially determined that the fire area was about 1,000 square meters, and the burning material was mainly cotton yarn. There are currently no casualties. The fire The fire has been put out and the fire is basically under control.
Light textile Are there any fire hazards faced by the printing and dyeing industry? What are its causes and characteristics of fire?
So during this special period, the Fire Department has prepared a “Instructions for the Fire Safety Resumption of Light Textile Printing and Dyeing Industry” for you to read!
Resumption Guide
Instructions for fire safety resumption in the light textile printing and dyeing industry
Fire characteristics of the light textile printing and dyeing industry in Shaoxing
The light textile printing and dyeing industry has the characteristics of dense personnel, large fire load, difficulty in evacuation of materials after a fire, and difficulty in fire fighting. The requirements for fire fighting are quite high.
Light Causes of fires in the textile, printing and dyeing industry
01 Fires from open flames
Common ones include electric welding, gas welding, Fires caused by improper use of blowtorches, electric stoves, etc., fires caused by improper smoking, etc.
02 Electrical short circuit fire
The light textile printing and dyeing industry has a lot of electrical equipment and long lines are prone to short circuits and ignition. Especially if the wires and equipment are used for a long time, aging is more likely to occur.
03 Fire caused by lightning strike
Fires often occur during lightning strikes if there is no lightning protection device or poor grounding.
04 Static electricity fire
Caused by the accumulation of fibers and dust in the air High-voltage static electricity can cause fire hazards. It often occurs in dust-concentrated workshops, dust rooms, and places where high-impedance materials such as hemp and synthetic fibers are used, and the humidity in the workshop is too low.
Existing outstanding fire hazards
1. Printing and dyeing process Printing and dyeing production process Depending on the type, specification, and finished product requirements of the fabric, there are certain differences in the process flow, but the dyeing process generally includes: white blank – singeing – deboiling and bleaching – mercerization – pre-shaping – padding (priming) – reduction soaping – Finalization – Pre-shrinking – Inspection – Finished product. The printing process roughly includes: white blank – singeing – deboiling – oxygen bleaching – mercerization – pre-shaping – color rolling (base color) – pattern design – tracing – plate making – printing – steaming – washing – shaping – calendering – Pre-shrunk – finished product. Whether it is dyeing or printing, both include singeing and setting, two processes that are prone to fires. At the same time, in the pre-treatment process of deboiling and bleaching, dangerous chemicals such as insurance powder, hydrogen peroxide, strong acids and alkalis need to be used. These chemicals Some are flammable by themselves, and some react with other substances to cause combustion.
2. Printing and dyeing raw materials for the singeing process.There is a lot of fluff on the surface of the gray cloth. In order not to affect the printing and dyeing quality, the fluff must be removed first. Singeing is the process of using a singeing machine to burn off the fluff on the surface of the gray cloth. At present, singeing mainly uses gas singeing, which mainly removes the fluff on the cloth surface through flames. The degree of singeing is determined by the distance between the fire and the cloth, the size of the fire, and the speed of the cloth. The process is divided into cloth feeding – brushing – singeing – fire extinguishing – cloth dropping. Since there is an open flame during singeing, if the operation is not careful, such as the cloth speed is too slow, the temperature is too high and the time is too long, it will cause the gray cloth to burn. In addition, once the gas pipeline or gas bottle leaks, it may lead to fire and explosion accidents.
3. The shaping process is to ensure that the printed and dyed fabrics have good stability, wrinkle resistance, and For hand feel, a setting machine is required to shape the fabric to eliminate the internal stress and wrinkles caused by the fabric in the previous process. The working principle of the setting machine is: the fabric is dipped in the trough with stabilizers and other printing and dyeing auxiliaries, and is evenly pressed by the rollers before entering the oven. When the fabric passes through the oven, it will be dried and set under the action of high-temperature hot air. The set cloth has good Feel and stability. Due to the high temperature inside the setting machine, there is a lot of velvet and oil accumulation, which poses a great risk of fire. The main reasons are: First, the setting machine uses thermal oil and electric heating as heat sources. The leakage of thermal oil and the failure of the electric heating temperature control device can easily cause fires. Second, the fabric is heated in the oven of the setting machine to produce organic oil (from the previous process), which mixes with the flying flowers and fiber particles produced on the surface of the fabric to form grease, which accumulates for a long time and can easily cause a fire in the oven. Third, some fabrics, especially chemical fibers, generate static electricity through mechanical friction and the voltage can be as high as tens of thousands of volts, which can easily cause static sparks and cause fires.
4. Printing and dyeing auxiliaries Printing and dyeing auxiliaries refer to the fabrics used in the printing and dyeing process to improve the processing technology and increase operating efficiency. Auxiliary chemicals added to improve fabric quality and related performance indicators. There are hundreds of types of printing and dyeing auxiliaries, many of which are flammable and dangerous chemicals, such as organic solvents acetone, insurance powder, etc. There are also some printing and dyeing auxiliaries that are non-flammable but produce flammable gas after reaction. , such as sulfur dyes, insoluble azo dyes, phthalocyanine dyes, oxidants, strong acids, strong bases, etc.
How to do a good job in fire safety after resuming work
1. Strictly implement the main responsibility for fire safety
It is necessary to strictly implement the main responsibility for fire safety of the unit and abide by Fire protection laws and regulations, implement job responsibilities, organize a fire safety inspection, promptly identify various fire hazards, conduct a comprehensive overhaul of fire protection facilities and equipment, and ensure that various fire protection equipment and equipment are complete and usable. Strengthen fire safety protection in key areas, and special operation operators must hold certificates to work.
2. Pay attention to the control of key links
The singeing room is an important part of the light textile printing and dyeing industry The focus of fire prevention work is that the factory building structure should comply with fire protection regulations, and should reach at least a secondary fire-resistant building grade, and must be fire-proofed from other parts. The wall should be a fireproof wall, and the door should be a Class A fire door to prevent the spread of fire. When singeing, the cloth speed of the fabric should be reasonably controlled, the transmission device and the heater should be linked, and an automatic alarm should be issued if the speed is too fast or too slow to prevent the fabric from catching fire after being heated for too long. The singeing machine should have good dust removal, smoke exhaust and exhaust facilities. The gas pipeline should be equipped with a combustible gas alarm device, which is linked to the cut-off valve. The singeing machine should be equipped with an automatic gas stop device, which can immediately cut off the gas source when shutting down.
3. Keep safe exits and evacuation channels smooth
Keep safe exits and evacuation channels clear It must be smooth and must not be blocked, occupied or closed. It is not allowed to park electric bicycles or pile up debris in evacuation passages; it is strictly prohibited to charge electric vehicles in stairwells and evacuation passages.
4. Correctly set up a dangerous goods warehouse
Set up a dangerous goods warehouse to store dangerous printing and dyeing auxiliaries. The dangerous goods warehouse should be set up at the edge of the factory area, and no combustible materials should be piled within the fire safety distance. The warehouse should have doors, windows or equipment with good ventilation, heat dissipation, and moisture dissipation. To ensure that the warehouse is cool and dry, it must be protected from direct sunlight. The floor should prevent sparks from friction. Explosion-proof lighting fixtures should be used, and electrical power switches should be installed outside the warehouse. Warehouses should be equipped with good lightning protection facilities. At the same time, dangerous goods warehouses should have a strict access management system. Vehicles that produce sparks are prohibited from entering or approaching, and fireworks or carrying tinder are strictly prohibited.
5. Regularly carry out pipeline fire prevention inspection system
Regularly inspect the conditions in the oven of the setting machine For heat transfer oil pipelines and temperature control devices, hire a qualified agency to inspect the pipelines. If there is oil leakage, it should be dealt with in time; promptly remove oil stains and flying dust in the machine and smoke exhaust pipes (this measure is particularly important. The cause of most setting machine fires is To this end), eliminate fire hazards. Carry out technical transformation of the setting machine and add a steam pipe to the exhaust pipe (steam pipes are available in the light textile printing and dyeing industry). Once a fire occurs, the steam can be turned on to extinguish the fire; a wire mesh guard is installed on the heat sink to ensure that there is sufficient space between it and the heat sink. gap to prevent flying particles from falling on the heat sink and causing burning.
�No fireworks or tinder allowed.
5. Regularly carry out pipeline fire prevention inspection system
Regularly inspect the conditions in the oven of the setting machine For heat transfer oil pipelines and temperature control devices, hire a qualified agency to inspect the pipelines. If there is oil leakage, it should be dealt with in time; promptly remove oil stains and flying dust in the machine and smoke exhaust pipes (this measure is particularly important. The cause of most setting machine fires is To this end), eliminate fire hazards. Carry out technical transformation of the setting machine and add a steam pipe to the exhaust pipe (steam pipes are available in the light textile printing and dyeing industry). Once a fire occurs, the steam can be turned on to extinguish the fire; a wire mesh guard is installed on the heat sink to ensure that there is sufficient space between it and the heat sink. gap to prevent flying particles from falling on the heat sink and causing burning.
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