Polyester is an important variety of synthetic fibers and the trade name of polyester fiber in my country. It is a fiber-forming polymer made from purified terephthalic acid (PTA) or dimethyl terephthalate (DMT) and ethylene glycol (MEG) through esterification or transesterification and polycondensation reaction – Polyethylene terephthalate (PET), a fiber made by spinning and post-processing.
Molecular structural formula, as shown in the figure:
From the molecular composition of polyester, it is composed of short aliphatic hydrocarbon chains, ester groups, benzene rings, and terminal alcohol hydroxyl groups. Except for the two terminal alcohol hydroxyl groups in polyester, there are no other polar groups, so the hydrophilicity of polyester fiber is extremely poor. The polyester molecule contains about 46% ester groups. The ester groups can undergo hydrolysis and thermal cracking above 200℃. When encountering strong alkali, they will be saponified, reducing the degree of polymerization. Commonly used detergents and washing powders below 100℃ have no effect on polyester. Influence.
The characteristics of polyester: high strength, good elasticity, heat resistance, insulation, abrasion resistance, and corrosion resistance. However, dyeability and hygroscopicity are poor. It is relatively poor, but the color fastness is good and it is not easy to fade. Because there are no specific dyeing groups on the polyester molecular chain and the polarity is small, it is difficult to dye and has poor dyeability. It is difficult for dye molecules to enter the fiber. It feels stuffy when worn, and is easily charged with static electricity and contaminated with dust, which affects the performance of the fiber. Aesthetics and comfort. However, it dries very easily after washing, has almost no drop in wet strength, does not deform, and has good washable and wearable properties.
There are many types of polyester fiber fabrics. In addition to pure polyester fabrics, there are also many products blended or interwoven with various textile fibers, which make up for the shortcomings of pure polyester fabrics. , exerting better taking performance. Polyester fabrics are developing in the direction of natural synthetic fibers such as wool-like, silk-like, linen-like, and deerskin-like fabrics.
Advantages of polyester-cotton blends
Comparison of polyester-cotton blended fabrics and pure cotton fabrics : Strong elongation (polyester-cotton blended > pure cotton); abrasion resistance (polyester-cotton blended > pure cotton); pilling (polyester-cotton blended pure cotton); moisture permeability (polyester-cotton blended > pure cotton) Cotton blend＜pure cotton); breathability (polyester-cotton blend＞pure cotton).
Polyester-cotton” and “cotton-polyester”, changing the order of the two words, become two different fabrics.
“Polyester-cotton” (TC) fabric means that the polyester content accounts for more than 50% and the cotton content is less than 50%;
Advantages: The luster is brighter than pure cotton and the hand feels Smooth, crisp, not easy to wrinkle, and the higher the polyester content, the less likely the fabric is to wrinkle.
Disadvantages: Not as skin-friendly as cotton, so you can wear it without cotton fabrics Comfortable.
“Cotton-polyester” (CVC) is just the opposite. It means that the composition of cotton is more than 50% and the composition of polyester is less than 50%. It is also called CVC variety.
Advantages: The luster is slightly brighter than pure cotton, the cloth surface is smooth, clean and free of yarn or impurities. It feels smooth and crisp, and is more wrinkle-resistant than pure cotton.
Disadvantages: It is not as skin-friendly as cotton and is not as comfortable to wear as cotton fabrics.
Advantages of polyester and linen blends
In the past, linen textiles had high yarn density and could only be used to weave medium and low-end products. They were only suitable for outerwear, decorative fabrics, etc., and did not reflect the quality of linen. Textiles have unique advantages such as good moisture absorption and release, and coolness. Polyester fiber and flax fiber are now blended to produce a series of high-end linen blended products suitable for summer inner and outer clothing. What are the characteristics of polyester and linen blended fabrics?
1. Cool to the touch
The blending ratio of flax fiber is 35%-40%. The flax fiber coverage rate of the yarn appearance is high, so when the human skin contacts the polyester/linen low-tech yarn fabric, the heat on the human body surface will be quickly dissipated, giving people a cool feeling.
2. The fabric is light and thin, and the dyeing is bright.
The yarn is relatively fine, generally below 20tex (50 tex count) Above), can be alone or interwoven with pure or blended yarns of other textile fibers to form ultra-thin fabrics. This product is of high grade, dyed and printed with bright, beautiful and gorgeous colors, and the fabric is famous for being cool, transparent, thin and refreshing.
3. Good wrinkle resistance
Due to fiber characteristics, it can be used The advantages of polyester’s good anti-wrinkle properties can improve the shortcomings of flax fiber fabrics, such as easy wrinkles and lack of bright dyeing. The advantages of flax fiber’s good moisture absorption and moisture release properties can be used to improve the shortcomings of polyester fabrics, such as poor moisture absorption and uncomfortable wearing.
4. Comfortable to wear and good washability
The proportion of polyester and linen yarns and fabric blends is moderate. The fabric feels soft, easy to wash, easy to dry, has good plastic shape, and does not deform after washing. It is as good as pure linen fabric and has good moisture absorption and…It is a high-grade summer inner and outer fabric with high moisture resistance and breathability, and is non-sticky.
Advantages of polyester and cashmere blends
Wool:polyester=45 The ratio of :55 can not only maintain the advantages of wool, but also bring into play the advantages of polyester. Almost all coarse and worsted wool fabrics have corresponding wool-polyester blended varieties. Among them, worsted wool-polyester thin tweed, also known as cool tweed, is commonly known as Mao Qianliang (Note: Qianliang is the common name for polyester). It is one of the fabrics that best reflects the characteristics of wool-polyester blends.
Compared with all-wool tweed, wool-polyester thin tweed has a light texture, good wrinkle recovery, strong wear resistance, easy to wash and quick-dry, long-lasting pleats, stable size, and less susceptible to insects It is moth-eaten, but its feel is not as soft as that of whole hair. If glossy polyester is used as the raw material for blending, the surface will have a silky luster. If cashmere or camel hair and other animal hairs are used in the blended raw material, the hand feel will be smoother.
Washing instructions: First soak in cold water for 15 minutes, then wash with general synthetic detergent. The temperature of the washing liquid should not exceed 45 degrees Celsius. Use a brush on dirty areas such as collars and cuffs ( Soft) brush, after cleaning, you can wring it out gently and place it in a cool and ventilated place to dry. Do not expose it to the sun or dry it to avoid wrinkles due to overcooking.
Advantages of TR fabrics
Polyester-viscose blend is a highly complementary blend. Polyester and viscose are not only available in cotton and wool types, but also in mid-length types. Wool type fabric is commonly known as “fast bus”. When polyester is not less than 50%, this blended fabric can maintain the characteristics of polyester that are strong, wrinkle-resistant, dimensionally stable, and washable and wearable. The mixing of viscose fiber improves the air permeability of the fabric and improves the resistance to melt holes; it also reduces the pilling and antistatic phenomena of the fabric.
The ratio of polyester/viscose blends is mostly 65/35 or 67/33. The characteristics of this type of blended fabrics are smooth and smooth fabrics, bright colors, strong wool texture, and good elasticity. , good hygroscopicity; but poor ironing resistance.
Advantages of TR fabric:
①High strength, short fiber strength is 2.6~5.7Cn/dtex, high strength fiber is 5.6~8.0Cn/dtex. Due to its low hygroscopicity, its wet strength is basically the same as its dry strength. Its impact strength is 4 times higher than nylon and 20 times higher than viscose fiber.
② Good elasticity, close to wool. When stretched by 5% to 6%, it can almost completely recover. Its wrinkle resistance exceeds other fibers, that is, the fabric does not wrinkle and is dimensionally stable. It has good elasticity and elastic modulus is 22~141cN/dtex, which is 2~3 times higher than nylon.
③Good water absorption.
④ Good wear resistance, second only to nylon with the best wear resistance, and better than other natural fibers and synthetic fibers.
⑤Good light resistance, second only to acrylic fiber.
⑥ Corrosion-resistant, resistant to bleach, oxidants, alcohols, ketones, petroleum products and inorganic acids, resistant to dilute alkali and mildew, but hot alkali can cause it to decompose.
Conclusion
The advantage of blended fabrics is that through two or The organic combination of more than one type of different types of fibers can complement each other’s strengths and coexist with their advantages to meet people’s different requirements for clothing. Blended fabrics will combine the advantages of two or more raw materials and complement each other to achieve better performance and comfort of the fabric, and also greatly reduce the cost of the product. Through the introduction of polyester and polyester blended fabrics, everyone must have a better understanding of polyester and get to know polyester. </p
