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Continuous pre-treatment process and application technology of woven cotton and cotton blends



The choice of fabric dyeing and finishing process is mainly based on the variety, specifications and finished product requirements of the fabric, which can be divided into bleaching, dyeing, finishing, etc. At …

The choice of fabric dyeing and finishing process is mainly based on the variety, specifications and finished product requirements of the fabric, which can be divided into bleaching, dyeing, finishing, etc. At present, the scouring and bleaching production in many factories is still in a semi-continuous state, with singeing alone and desizing using a cold pad batch or desizing and bleaching alone. The cold pad batch protects the strength of the fabric, but stacking it for 24 hours affects production efficiency. , there are also problems such as difficulty in cleaning up pollution on the stacking ground.

So the combined pre-treatment of deboiling and bleaching is superior to intermittent treatment in terms of environmental protection, energy saving and high efficiency. It can not only save labor but also improve production efficiency. One combined deboiling and bleaching machine only requires three workers, and the production speed can be controlled at 90-110m/min. Compared with the intermittent type, the efficiency is greatly improved. This article focuses on the continuous pre-treatment process and technology.

Natural fibers contain impurities, and various slurries, oils and contaminated dirt are added during the textile processing process. The existence of these impurities not only hinders the dyeing and finishing process The smooth progress also affects the clothing performance of the fabric.

The purpose of scouring and bleaching is to use chemical action to remove impurities on the fabric, making the fabric white, soft and with good texture. Penetration performance and preparation for dyeing and finishing.

1. Introduction to continuous pre-processing equipment

Into the cloth pile Cloth device → Brushing box → Singing machine → Water washing box → Chemical tank (chemical automatic control system) → Steaming box → Water washing box → Drying device → Cloth stacking device → Cloth rolling device → Mercerizing machine → Heat setting machine (the picture is for reference only, each factory can add water washing boxes before and after the two steaming boxes according to its own needs to meet its own production needs).

2. Process introduction

Original Cloth preparation → cloth feeding → singeing → desizing → scouring → bleaching → drying → rolling.

2.1 Original cloth preparation

Original cloth preparation includes original cloth inspection , flaps and seams. The purpose of the original fabric inspection is to check the quality of the gray fabric and solve the problems in a timely manner. The inspection content includes physical indicators and appearance defects. The former includes the length, width, weight, warp and weft yarn density, strength, etc. of the original cloth, while the latter includes spinning defects, weaving defects, various stains and damage, etc. After the original cloth is inspected, the original cloth must be divided into batches, and the variety should be printed on the cloth head to facilitate management. If you produce it in your own factory, you can omit the inspection of the gray cloth, and the weaving factory will inspect the above items.

In order to ensure continuous batch processing, the original fabric must be seamed. The stitches at the joint should not be too dense or too thin. Too dense will easily cause joint marks during rolling, and too thin will easily break the fabric.

2.2 Brushing and singeing

The purpose of singeing is to burn Remove the fluff on the cloth surface to make the cloth surface smooth and beautiful, and prevent uneven dyeing and printing defects caused by fluff during dyeing and printing. Fabric singeing is to quickly pass the flat width of the fabric through a high-temperature flame. The singeing openings usually have two forward and two reverse burners, which are selected according to the thickness of the fabric. Usually, two burners, one front and one reverse, are enough for thin fabrics, and two burners are required for thick fabrics. opposite.

At this time, the fluff on the cloth surface heats up quickly and burns, while the cloth itself is relatively dense and heats up slowly. It has left before it reaches the ignition point. Flame, thereby achieving the purpose of burning away fluff without burning the fabric.

2.3 Desizing

In order to weave smoothly, textile factories Warp yarns are often sized to increase strength and abrasion resistance. The sizing on the gray fabric affects the water absorption performance of the fabric, and also affects the quality of the dyeing and finishing products, and increases the consumption of dyeing chemicals. Therefore, the sizing should be removed before scouring. This process is called desizing.

The slurry on the fabric is usually PVA starch slurry, which is easily soluble in hot water above 80°C, so most of the slurry can be removed before scouring. Materials, PVA slurry is difficult to degrade and easily causes environmental pollution. The slurry removed by hot water can be collected for recycling. The recycled PVA can continue to be used in weaving factories. The PVA recycling device can reduce sewage Deal with stress and save money.

2.4 Scouring

When cotton fiber grows, there are natural impurities. (Pectin, waxy substances, nitrogen-containing substances, etc.) are associated with each other. After desizing the cotton fabric, most of the sizing and some natural impurities have been removed, but a small amount of sizing and most of the natural impurities remain on the fabric. The presence of these impurities makes the cotton fabric surface yellower and has poor permeability. At the same time, it greatly affects the appearance quality of cotton cloth.

Therefore, the fabric needs to be scoured under the action of high-temperature concentrated alkali solution and some auxiliary additives to remove residual impurities. Scouring is the use of caustic soda and other scouring aids to react chemically with pectin, waxy substances, nitrogen-containing substances, cottonseed hulls, emulsification, puffing, etc., to remove impurities from the fabric after washing with water.

2.4.1 Cooking process

Steam at 102℃ for 30 minutes, wash with water and enter the bleaching process.

2.4.2 Process precautions

��Reflects the shaping effect of fibers. In order to reduce wrinkles, pure cotton fabrics can also be characterized by wet tentering. Cotton strength is greatly affected by temperature, so the temperature for tentering and shaping is preferably controlled at 140~160℃ and the time is 30 seconds. Because the number of ovens in the setting machine is different in different factories (some have 8 sets and some have 10 sets), the final drying time of the fabric shall prevail.

5. Conclusion

In summary, the pre-processing Continuous production is easy to achieve a high degree of automated control. Stable product quality can greatly improve production efficiency and save energy. Continuous production has high requirements on production process conditions and chemical control. As long as the relevant auxiliary equipment (central chemical control system) is correctly selected, , strengthen management, reduce waste, and achieve efficient production. </p

This article is from the Internet, does not represent Composite Fabric,bonded Fabric,Lamination Fabric position, reproduced please specify the source.https://www.tradetextile.com/archives/34791

Author: clsrich

 
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