The new spinning technology mainly includes new spinning technology of ring spindle reform and new spinning yarn. The former is an innovation based on the traditional ring spinning machine, but its yarn formation mechanism is still the same as ring spinning, such as siro spinning, sirofil spinning, cable spinning, compact spinning, etc. They can also It is said to be a new development of ring spinning technology; the latter also has yarn forming methods that are completely different from ring spinning, such as rotor spinning, air-jet spinning, air-jet vortex spinning, friction spinning, vortex spinning and self-twisting spinning, etc. , they can be further divided into two categories: open-end spinning and non-free-end spinning according to the spinning principle.
The principle of open-end spinning is to continuously feed the whiskers during the spinning process A breaking point is generated to form a free end, and the free end is rotated together with the twister to achieve the purpose of obtaining true twist from the yarn. The free end spinning methods include rotor spinning, friction spinning, vortex spinning, electrostatic spinning, and twisting. Spinning, pinch spinning, etc.;
The main difference between non-free-end spinning and open-end spinning is that during the spinning process, the feed product does not have breaking points and the strands The two ends are held, and the fibers are held together by means of false twisting, wrapping, gluing, etc., so that the yarn gains strength. Non-free-end spinning includes air-jet spinning, self-twisting spinning, wrap spinning, axial spinning, twistless spinning, etc.
1 Compact spinning
Compact spinning can also be called compression spinning , dense spinning, compact spinning or condensed spinning. Although the aggregation methods, structural designs, aggregation effects, etc. of various compact spinning devices at home and abroad are different, the yarn forming mechanism is basically the same. In traditional ring spinning, the fiber strands are drawn out from the nip of the front roller. , with a certain width, a twisted triangle area will be formed during twisting, and the fiber tension between the outside and the middle of the fiber slivers is uneven. Compact spinning aims to eliminate the twisted triangle area or make it basically non-existent. Compact spinning is A pair of control roller systems are added to the output end of the front roller to allow the fiber slivers to be gathered and then twisted.
The more concentrated arrangement of fibers greatly reduces the width of fiber slivers, and the twisting triangle area is reduced or eliminated, thus reducing yarn hairiness, flying flowers, broken ends, etc. Improve yarn quality.
2 Siro spinning
Siro spinning is a combination of spun yarn, A new type of spinning yarn that combines doubling and twisting. It was first used in wool spinning, and later also gradually applied to cotton spinning. Siro spinning is developed on the basis of ring spinning technology. In the process from roving to fine yarn, two rovings are fed in parallel. The two rovings are drawn at a certain distance and twisted separately. It is then plied and further twisted, and the spun yarn has a style close to that of strands.
3 Sirofil Spun
Serofil Spun It is similar to Siro spinning, except that it replaces a roving of Siro spinning with filament, that is, it installs a filament feeding device on the traditional ring spinning machine, so that when the filament is fed at the front roller, it The normally drafted slivers are kept at a certain distance and are combined and twisted into yarn downstream of the front roller nip.
4 Cable spinning
Cable spinning is made through traditional A new spinning technology that installs a dividing roller in front of the front nip of the ring spinning machine to change the yarn structure. The spun yarn has a different spinning structure from the traditional single yarn. It is generally used in the spinning of longer fibers such as wool spinning. middle. The spinning process is that when the drafted sliver comes out of the front nip of the spinning machine, a dividing roller divides it into several fiber bundles, and those fiber bundles enter the dividing groove of the dividing roller under the action of spinning tension. Under the action of the spinning twisting force inside, it rotates around its own twist center, thus having a certain twist; with the winding movement of the yarn, these fiber bundles with a certain twist move downward and leave The dividing rollers meet at one point and then rotate around the twist center of the entire yarn. After twisting twice, a new type of yarn with a special structure different from traditional yarns is formed.
5 Rotor spinning
Also known as “air-jet spinning” “. One of the most effective methods of open-end spinning. The core is a spinning rotor, and the fiber strips are input from between the feed roller and the plate, and are opened into single fibers by the high-speed small roller (opening roller). The negative air pressure in the spinning cup causes the single fiber to enter the spinning cup through the conveying pipe along with the supplementary air flow. Under the action of the centrifugal force of the high-speed rotation of the cup, it adheres to the cohesion groove at the maximum inner diameter of the rotor along the smooth inner wall, forming a ring. fibrous strips.
When threading and splicing, the yarn tail is put in from the yarn pipe with the supplementary air flow. Also due to the centrifugal action of the rotor, it sticks to the condensation tank, so that the yarn tail and Fiber strips are connected. When the take-up yarn is pulled out of the spinning cup, the fiber strips leave the cohesion groove with the yarn tail, and are twisted into yarn by the high rotation of the spinning cup at the same time. They are pulled out by the output roller through the twist-stop plate and the take-up yarn tube, and are passed through the groove tube. Drive the bobbin to be wound into a bobbin.
6 Air-jet spinning
A non-traditional spinning method . When the fiber strip is falsely twisted after drafting by using jet airflow, some free fibers at the head end of the fiber strip are wrapped around the periphery of the fiber strip for spinning. There are two types: single nozzle and double nozzle. The latter has good and stable spinning quality. The fiber strip is drawn thin by the drafting device, output from the front roller, passes through the first nozzle, the second nozzle, the yarn guide hook, the yarn guide roller, and is wound into a bobbin by the grooved drum.
The vortex rotation directions of the two nozzles are opposite, and the vortex intensity of the second nozzle is greater than that of the first nozzle, ���The twist on the yarn sliver between the two nozzles can overcome the torque and resistance exerted by the first nozzle on the yarn sliver, and is transmitted to the nip of the front roller. The free head ends of the twisted fibers on the periphery of the fiber strip are affected by the first nozzle and wrapped around the fiber strip in the opposite direction. The fibers in the twisted yarn core are retreated and twisted through the nozzle, while the wrapped fibers become tighter and tighter during the reverse reeling process. Provide yarn strength and cohesion. Compared with ring spinning, it has the advantages of high output, large packages, and short processes.
7 Electrospinning
One of the open-end spinning methods . It consists of fiber opening, conveying, electrostatic cohesion, free end twisting, bobbin winding and other processes. There are two methods for fiber opening and transportation: (1) using roller drafting as the opening mechanism, and fiber transportation using electrostatic field action; (2) using licker-in as the opening mechanism, using airflow to transport cotton fibers, and electrostatic The latter method is commonly used in spinning.
The cotton sliver is fed between the cotton feeding roller and the cotton feeding plate, and is opened into single fibers by the high-speed rotating small roller. The cotton sliver is sucked in by the high-voltage electrode by the air flow of the cotton pipe. (+), twister electrode (-) and an electrostatic field composed of a closed cover. Cotton fibers are straightened, arranged and condensed into fiber strips under the action of ionization and polarization. The lead yarn is introduced by the hollow twister and then continuously twists the fibers in the fiber strip. The high-speed rotating twister twists the yarn into yarn and is wound into a bobbin by the grooved drum winding mechanism. Cotton fiber is a poor conductor, and the fibers entering the electrostatic field need to be wetted in advance so that they have a high moisture regain rate. The condensed fiber strips are affected by various resistances and do not rotate freely enough, so the twisting efficiency is low.
8 Vortex spinning
One of the open-end spinning methods . The fiber strips are input between the feeding roller and the feeding plate, are opened into fibers by high-speed small twisting rollers, and then enter the static vortex twisting tube tangentially through the conveying pipe with the air flow. The lower part of the vortex twisting tube is connected to the air negative pressure source, and the nozzle is arranged tangentially to the inner wall of the twisting tube.
The upward moving vortex part of the nozzle is weakened by the negative pressure source of the lower air in the tube, so that the fibers entering the twisting tube tangentially form a spiral shape along the tube wall. The stable vortex field condenses into a rotating fiber ring. During the joint, the yarn is followed by the air flow through the yarn tube, and is connected to the fiber ring under the action of centrifugal force. When the yarn is pulled out from the spinning head, once the fiber ring is cut off, the cut off part of the fiber strip is twisted by the rotating fiber ring to form a yarn, and the groove tube drives the bobbin to be wound into a bobbin.
9 Friction spinning
Use the surface of the machine to oppose the yarn sliver A method of producing twist into yarn through surface friction. The more mature ones have dust cage spinning.
10 Dust cage spinning
Also known as (Dreif Spinning) A type of friction spinning, mostly collectively called friction spinning, which is a free-end spinning method. The principle is that the fiber strips are loosened into single fibers by the roller, and are blown to the surface of a rotating dust cage by the action of air flow. The distance between a pair of dust cages is very small, and the rotation speed and direction are the same. The fibers rotate with the dust cage. When the layer reaches the triangle area of the two dust cages, it is twisted and twisted by the surfaces of the two dust cages to form yarn, which is guided by the yarn guide hook to the yarn roller, and is directly wound into a bobbin by the winding mechanism.
</p
