Abstract: The principle of formation of ring yarn and compact yarn is discussed, and the main characteristics of three compact spinning machines are introduced. The spinning results show that compared with traditional ring-spun yarn, compact yarn has significantly reduced hairiness, and has greatly improved single yarn strength and production efficiency. At the same time, some issues that should be paid attention to when using compact spinning technology are put forward.
Compact spinning technology is favored by the textile industry With the widespread attention of people, compact spinning has developed rapidly. Compact spinning is an appropriate modification of the traditional ring spinning machine. By strengthening the control of fibers in the spinning triangle area, the hairiness of the yarn is greatly reduced, and the yarn quality is significantly improved. Compact spinning machines produced by Swiss RIETER Company, German SUESSEN Company, ZINSER Company, and Japanese TOYOTA Company have begun to be used.
The formation principle of ring yarn and compact yarn
Traditional ring yarn Principle of spindle spinning
In traditional ring spinning production, the roving is drafted to the required yarn number through the drafting system, and the sliver width in the main drafting zone is Several times the diameter of the yarn being spun. At this time, each fiber is in a free state when it reaches the front nip line. When these fibers leave the front nip line, they are twisted together to form a yarn, thus forming a spinning triangle. In this triangular area, the fibers are almost completely out of control. The edge fibers break away from the main body before twisting to form fly flowers, or one section of the fiber is twisted into the yarn body, and hairiness is formed at the other end. Therefore, the twisting triangle zone has an important influence on the formation of hairiness on the yarn surface and the generation of fly flowers. In addition, when the fibers are twisted, the fibers outside the triangular area are subject to the greatest tension, while the fibers in the center are subject to the least tension. Therefore, the initial tensions of these fibers are not equal when the yarn is formed, which causes the subsequent processes and the final product to be stretched. Fibers with large pretension will break first, thus affecting the strength of the yarn and finished product. In order to facilitate twisting, the fibers should be parallel, straight and arranged as closely as possible to each other in the main draft zone. The spinning triangle is a major defect of traditional ring spinning.
Principle of compact spinning
On the compact spinning frame, it must After passing through the main drafting area, the strips pass through a set of air suction tightness devices before twisting. Through negative air pressure, relatively loose fibers accumulate in a straight line, thereby eliminating the twisting triangle area of ordinary ring spinning and making the fibers From the free loose and flat state before twisting to the straight and tight state, the yarn can twist almost all the fibers into the yarn during the twisting process, greatly reducing the hairiness and fly of the yarn, and at the same time, the fibers are The arrangement structure in the yarn is tighter and the force is uniform, which enhances the cohesion between fibers, thereby also improving the strength of the yarn.
Main features of compact spinning frame
Germany Suessen Compact spinning
The SUESSEN Elite compact spinning modified by the German company Suessen on the RIEFER G5/1 spinning frame adds a pneumatic clustering area in front of the traditional drafting device. It consists of a suction pipe, a grid ring and an output top roller. The suction pipe is in a negative pressure state. There is a narrow slot at each spinning position on the upper part of the suction pipe. The length of the slot extends from the jaws of the front roller to the added grid. Circle and the jaw line of the top roller. As soon as the fiber leaves the nip line of the front roller, it is adsorbed to the grid ring by negative pressure, and the fiber is transported to the nip line of the output roller against the grid ring. During this process, the fibers are always closely arranged together under the action of negative pressure, basically eliminating the spinning triangle.
Swiss Rieter Compact Spinning Machine
Swiss Rieter ComforSpin K44 Compact Spinning Machine , a fiber gathering unit composed of a gathering wind roller, an air suction insert, and an air flow guide is added in front of the drafting area. There is a specially designed groove on the suction insert in each gathering roller. The air flow is generated by the negative pressure in the gathering roller filled with small holes (D0.8 mm, 80 holes/cm2), and flows through the main roller. The fibers are gathered in the drafting zone. The added clamping roller prevents the twist from extending to the fiber gathering area, so that the fibers are well controlled between the main drafting zone and the fiber twisting zone. The twisting triangle zone become extremely small.
Japanese Toyota Company Compact Spinning
Japanese Toyota Company (TOYOTA) RX240—NEw type compact spinning The spinning frame is composed of a compact spinning system assembled on the RX240NEW spinning frame produced by the company. A cotton collection device composed of a negative pressure suction groove and a porous apron is added to the roller of the drafting mechanism. In order to facilitate operation, each The cotton collection device adopts a 4-spindle unit assembly. Through the aggregation effect of negative pressure, the fibers improve the parallelism of the fiber bundles and basically eliminate the spinning triangle area.
The main technical characteristics of the three compact spinning devices (see Table 1)
Spinning Practice
Yarn Quality
Compared with ring-spun yarn, the hairiness of compact yarn is significantly reduced, especially the hairiness above 3 mm is greatly reduced, the strength and elongation of single yarn are greatly improved, and it is more wear-resistant. Table 2 shows the quality comparison of CJ11.7 tex varieties produced by three models.
It can be seen from Table 2: The hairiness and strength of the three models are not much different from the traditional ones. Compared with ring-spun yarn, hairiness is significantly reduced, and single yarn strength and elongation are greatly improved. With the same raw materials, the production twist can be reduced by about 10%, and the strength produced is the same as that of traditional ring-spinning yarn, and the output and efficiency can be Increase by about 10% to 15%.
Improvement of fabric varieties and grades
Compact yarn has less hairiness, good parallel arrangement of fibers, better dyeability, and clearer printing patterns. Because the yarn twist can be reduced, the fabric feels soft, has good drape, and is more comfortable to wear. Our factory is located in Gaoming, Guangdong respectively There are tatting factories, knitting factories and garment factories. The yarn produced by our factory is used to make solid color cloth, rice strips and other clothing raw materials, which are well received by customers.
Provide convenient conditions for subsequent processing
Due to the different processing quality requirements and product grade positioning of subsequent processes, increasing the strength of compact yarns can reduce entanglement. Yarn breakage in subsequent processes such as bobbins, warping, weaving, and knitting improves production efficiency. Processes such as singeing can be completely or partially eliminated, providing convenient conditions for subsequent processes. Because there is less hairiness, it is not easy to block. mesh, making the printing effect better.
The rubber roller of the equipment has a large loss
Due to the smaller traverse motion of the compact spinning roving bars, which is only 4 mm, the cots and aprons wear faster, and the wear of the cots is more obvious than that of ordinary spinning machines. In normal ring spinning production, the cots It can be used for 6 months. The compact spinning rubber roller can only be used for about 2 months.
The workshop has high temperature, humidity and environmental requirements
Compact yarn requires airflow to gather, and the air flows quickly in the workshop. Flying flowers produced in other processes are easy to accumulate here, so cleaning work needs to be strengthened.
Compact spinning has high requirements for temperature and humidity in the workshop. The temperature and humidity requirements for the ComforSpin K44 spinning machine of Swiss Rieter Company are: temperature 28℃~32℃, relative humidity 38%~43%. Relatively speaking, the modified EliFon G5/1 type spinning machine has relatively loose requirements on temperature and humidity, with a temperature of 26°C to 32°C and a relative humidity of 42% to 48%.
Winding splicing quality
Because compact yarn has less hairiness and no free fibers outside the yarn, the twisting effect of the air twister is not good enough. The yarn spun from our company Judging from the actual situation, the twisting form of mechanical twisting is more suitable for compact spinning.
Conclusion:
Since compact spinning reduces yarn hairiness and improves yarn strength, it provides good conditions for subsequent processing. The quality advantages of compact spinning are well known, but they must be fully To give full play to its advantages, it is still inseparable from basic management of production. Without strict quality management, yarn with stable quality cannot be produced. Without standardized operation management, a large number of defects will occur during the production process. Without strict equipment management, hairy yarn can also be caused by defects in mechanical equipment such as crooked spindles or defective travellers. Therefore, to fully reflect the advantages of compact spinning, we cannot do without the basic management of quality management, operation management, and equipment management. With the advancement of textile technology, compact spinning technology has also made new developments. The introduction of compact siro spinning, compact core-spun spinning, and compact core-spun siro spinning technologies has further broadened the application fields of compact spinning products.
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