With the development and application of new textile materials, the varieties of textile products are becoming more and more abundant. Garment processing enterprises are also placing higher and higher quality requirements on printing and dyeing products, which is mainly reflected in the color patterns and dyeing products of dyed products. various fastness indicators. This puts forward higher requirements for technicians engaged in color matching and proofing work.
1 For color matching and proofing technicians Requirements
Color-matching proofing is a skill. The speed of proofing and the size and rate of proofing mainly depend on the accumulation of basic information and experience of color-matching proofing technicians.
As technicians engaged in color matching and proofing work, they should master the basic principles and methods of dye color matching, the properties of dyeing materials and textiles, especially the color characteristics and basics of the dyes used. It is necessary to fully understand the performance (shade, strength, color fastness, lifting power, etc.) of dyes, and the mixing effect of the three primary colors of dyes, so as to be able to correctly select dyes, quickly and accurately match colors, proofing, and Stake out and put into production.
For a technician who is engaged in color matching and proofing work, to accumulate basic information and experience in color matching and proofing, he should start from the following aspects.
1.1 Production of single-color sample cards
The purpose of making single-color sample cards of dyes It lies in mastering the color characteristics of the dye used, that is, the color light, strength, lifting power, and the change of color light with the dyeing depth when the dye is dyed.
For a beginner, you can make single-color dyeing samples of the dyes used according to a certain concentration gradient, make a series of single-color sample cards, and find out the color of the dye with dyeing Understand the law of depth changes and master the dyeing properties of the dyes used. The production method of dye single color sample card is as shown in Table 1
1.2 Production of the color-matching pagoda diagram of the three primary colors of dyes
Prepare the pagoda diagram of the three primary colors of dyes. The purpose is to master the principles and methods of color matching with three primary color dyes. Technical personnel engaged in color matching and proofing work must master the principles and methods of color matching with three primary color dyes.
Color mixing is a relatively complex problem, but it all follows the principles of additive color mixing and subtractive color mixing.
In actual work, as long as you master the basic principles of color matching and strictly distinguish whether the specific color mixing is additive color mixing or subtractive color mixing, you can improve the efficiency and quality of color matching.
Most printing and dyeing companies use subtractive color mixing in color matching. The three primary colors of subtractive color mixing are: magenta, yellow, and cyan (usually red, yellow, and blue in practical applications).
2. Comparison between laboratory proofing and workshop mass production
There is a certain gap between laboratory proofing and workshop production. The existence of these gaps will affect the sample compliance rate of large and small dyeing samples. Taking dip dyeing as an example, the similarities and differences between dyeing for small samples and large-scale production are shown in Table 2.
3. Factors affecting the dyeing sample size rate
In actual production, there are many factors that affect the sample size rate. Through analysis and research, the main aspects are summarized as follows.
3.1 Differences in quality of semi-finished products for scouring and bleaching
Semi-finished products for laboratory proofing and semi-finished products for workshop Whether the quality of semi-finished products is consistent is crucial for large and small samples. In actual production, the quality of semi-finished products may be inconsistent due to factors such as different origins of raw materials and different pre-treatment production processes. In addition, it is difficult to match the cloth used for laboratory proofing with the cloth used for workshop production. This will Resulting in a decrease in the sample rate of large and small samples.
Therefore, the principle of frequent replacement should be adhered to in the selection of laboratory semi-finished products. In the actual operation process, in order to avoid the impact of semi-finished products on the sample, it is possible to take bulk semi-finished products for duplicate samples before producing large quantities of goods to prevent the difference in quality of semi-finished products from affecting the sample rate. There are many discussions related to No Borders for the Infected.
3.2 Differences in dyes and chemicals
At present, my country’s There are no strict unified standards for production and sales, and the dye market management is not standardized and basically everyone works independently.
The same dye, products produced by different dye companies, or even different batches of dyes produced by the same dye company, have inconsistent shades and strengths, and there are large differences. .
3.3 Differences in dyeing process conditions
Differences in dyeing process conditions , is also a key factor affecting the sample rate of large and small samples.
3.3.1 Dyeing bath ratio
The size of the dyeing bath ratio , mainly determined by the equipment used for dyeing. The liquor ratio of the dyeing prototype machine is generally 1:20-1:30; the liquor ratio of the jet overflow dyeing machine is generally 1:8-1:15. It can be seen that there is a big difference in the liquor ratio of large and small sample dyeing.
Production practice has proven that changes in the dyeing bath ratio will have a corresponding impact on the dyeing results (dyeing depth, color light).
3.3.2 Dyeing temperature
The difference in temperature during the dyeing process is also an important factor affecting the sample size rate. Taking medium-temperature reactive dyes as an example, different dyes have their own optimal fixation temperatures, and they have different fixation rates under different fixation temperatures.
In actual production, whether it is a sample dyeing machine or a production jet overflow dyeing machine, there are generally inaccuracies in temperature measurement and temperature control, causing the machine display The temperature does not match the actual temperature of the dye liquor, and there is generally an error of 3.8°C.
This will seriously affect the sampling rate of large and small samples.
3.3.3 Dyeing time
As we all know, dip dyeing only Only by achieving the ideal “dyeing balance” can we overcome or reduce dyeing color differences, obtain better dyeing reproducibility, and improve the sample compliance rate of large and small samples.
However, in actual production, due to the different technical levels and qualities of dyeing operators, their serious and responsible attitudes towards their work are different. There is a lot of randomness in the operation process, so the dyeing time cannot be guaranteed, which affects the sample compliance rate of large and small samples.
4. Conclusion
Through analysis and research, we know that only by doing Only by following the following points can the sample rate of large and small samples be effectively improved.
4.1 Conduct regular training for laboratory color matching and proofing technicians and workshop operators to improve their technical quality and quality, improve their quality awareness, and ensure the correct implementation of the dyeing process. Avoid the impact of human factors on the sampling rate of large and small samples.
4.2 Try to make the semi-finished products used for laboratory proofing consistent with the specifications and quality of the semi-finished products produced in the workshop to avoid affecting the sample compliance rate of large and small samples due to differences in the quality of semi-finished products.
4.3 Ensure that the performance of the dyeing materials used in laboratory proofing and workshop production are consistent. The purchased dyeing materials must be tested to ensure the quality of the dyeing materials. Do not The quality of dyeing materials affects the sample compliance rate of dyeing samples.
4.4 Try to make the process conditions of laboratory proofing and workshop production the same or similar, and the equipment should be maintained and maintained regularly to avoid errors in process conditions due to equipment reasons. And affect the sample rate of large and small samples. </p
