Facing major changes in the internal and external development environment, the central government proposed to “gradually form a new development pattern with the domestic cycle as the main body and the domestic and international dual cycles reinforcing each other.” This is a strategy for strengthening the country proposed at the critical stage of China’s economy moving toward high-quality development, and it is necessary to accelerate the formation of a virtuous cycle both internally and externally with a higher level of opening up. The textile industry has also ushered in new opportunities for transformation and development that are guided by domestic demand and focused on supply-side structural reform.
The textile industry is one of the earliest open and most market-oriented industries in my country. As we all know, in the past few decades, China’s textile industry has actively participated in global development, used comparative advantages to meet the needs of both domestic and foreign markets, gradually cultivated independent brands and technologies, and continuously improved the added value of products. After years of development, the textile industry has occupied the global “leading position” It has become the industry with the largest production scale, the most complete industrial chain and the most complete categories, and has basically achieved the goal of becoming a textile powerhouse. Textile enterprises follow the market orientation and continue to explore domestic and international markets. Under the guidance of the market, they actively promote transformation and upgrading and adjust the industrial structure, and the proportion of domestic sales continues to increase. Expanding the domestic market and stabilizing export share are the development directions of enterprises in the textile industry.
Under the current situation, stabilizing the export share is of positive significance to the “six stability” work proposed by the Party Central Committee and the State Council. This year, under the influence of the COVID-19 epidemic, international demand has suffered a huge blow. However, in the post-epidemic era, the degree of recovery of international demand and the adjustment of my country’s role in the global textile supply chain have become key influences on the stable exports of my country’s textile industry.
The “basic market” for international clothing demand is still there
How to view the “basic market” for international textile and clothing demand? Taking clothing as an example is a better starting point. Although clothing is not a fast-moving consumer goods and has the attribute of deferring the consumption of non-necessities, as a product with rigid demand for final consumption by the public, as long as the population continues to grow and people’s yearning for a better life exists, the “basic base” of international demand will not There are fundamental changes.
According to the global imported clothing data released by the WTO, global imported clothing was 203.099 billion U.S. dollars in 2000, which increased to 527.130 billion U.S. dollars in 2018, with an average annual growth of 5.44%. The scale of clothing consumption continues to expand. The United States, the European Union, and Japan accounted for 83.7% of global imported clothing in 2000. By 2018, this proportion dropped to 64.7%. Although the proportion has declined, the United States, Europe and Japan are still the main markets for global clothing consumption.
The following is an analysis of changes in clothing consumption from the clothing imports of Japan, the United States, and the European Union in the past 20 years.
The amount and growth rate of Japan’s clothing imports from the world since 2000
Data source: Bureau of Trade Statistics, Ministry of Finance of Japan, Industrial Economic Research Institute of China National Textile and Apparel Federation
From 2000 to 2019, Japan’s average annual growth rate of imported clothing from the world reached 2.21 %, the “big market” of clothing consumption has also risen from 2.12 trillion yen in 2000 to the highest point of 3.42 trillion yen in 2015, and will remain at a scale of more than 3.20 trillion yen in 2019. Although the growth rate has been high and low, and has even shown negative growth in some years, judging from the linear trend, the “basic market” of Japan’s clothing import consumption has continued to expand in the past 20 years.
The amount and growth rate of clothing imports from the world to the United States since 2000
Data sources: U.S. Textile and Apparel Office, China Textile and Apparel Federation Industrial Economic Research Institute
Looking at the situation of U.S. clothing imports, from 2000 to 2019, the U.S. imported clothing from around the world. The average growth rate reached 2.03%, and the “big market” of clothing consumption also rose from US$57.232 billion in 2000 to a peak of US$85.151 billion in 2015, and the import scale remained at US$83.823 billion in 2019. Judging from the linear trend, the “basic market” of imported clothing in the United States is also growing slowly.
The amount and growth rate of clothing imported by 27 EU countries from the world since 2002
Data sources: Eurostat, China National Textile and Apparel Federation Industrial Economics Research Institute
Looking at the situation of clothing imports from the EU, from 2002 to 2019, the EU imported clothing from all over the world The average annual growth rate reached 5.00%, and the “big market” clothing consumption increased from 37.038 billion euros in 2000 to 84.927 billion euros in 2019. Looking at the linear trend, the slope of the “basic market” of imported clothing in the EU exceeds that of the United States and Japan.
It can be seen that although the annual growth of clothing imports in the three major markets has been high and low in the past 20 years, sometimes there has been negative growth. Even affected by the global financial crisis, the decline in clothing imports in 2009 was relatively deep. At this stage, affected by the epidemic, clothing import demand from the United States, the European Union, and Japan is also shrinking. However, from the perspective of long-term trends, the “basic market” for clothing demand in the three major markets still exists.
The pressure on my country’s clothing exports has increased
my country is the largest country in textile production and export. Although it has been affected by the labor force in recent years,Affected by rising factor costs, part of my country’s textile production capacity has been transferred to Southeast Asia and other regions. However, it is limited by the production volume, supporting capabilities and rising labor factor costs in Southeast Asia. If we want to shake the global status of my country’s textile industry, in the short term Guilt is difficult to achieve.
However, in recent years, the share of my country’s clothing exports in major international consumer markets has shown a declining trend.
Data source: Bureau of Trade Statistics, Ministry of Finance of Japan, Industrial Economic Research of China Textile and Apparel Federation Hospital
Looking at Japan’s clothing import situation in the past 10 years, my country’s clothing accounted for 82.2% of Japan’s import market in 2010. By 2019, this proportion dropped to 55.9%, a decrease of 26.3 percentage points. This part of the market share is mainly shared by Southeast Asian and South Asian countries such as Vietnam, Bangladesh, Cambodia, and Indonesia. From January to August this year, my country’s clothing import market share in Japan further dropped to 53.4%, indicating that the pressure on my country’s clothing exports to Japan has increased.
Data source: U.S. Textile and Apparel Office, China Textile and Apparel Federation Industrial Economics Research Institute
The U.S. market continues to pursue high-quality and low-price clothing products, and the market is highly diversified. In 2010, China’s clothing accounted for 39.2% of the U.S. import market. By 2019, this proportion dropped to 29.7%, which dropped 9.5 percentage points. From January to August this year, my country’s clothing import market share in Japan further dropped to 22.7%, indicating that my country’s clothing exports to the United States are facing greater pressure.
Looking at the clothing import situation of the 27 EU countries in the past ten years, my country’s clothing accounted for 43.8% of the EU import market in 2010. By 2019, this proportion dropped to 29.5%. 14.3 percentage points. From January to June this year, my country’s clothing import market share in the EU increased slightly, reaching 30.4%, an increase of 0.9 percentage points. However, this is the data for the first half of this year. As the epidemic continues in Europe, the pressure on my country’s clothing exports to the EU market is still unacceptable. underestimate.
Enhancing international circulation status with higher quality
Affected by the global epidemic, the world economy has declined, and the circulation of industrial and supply chains has been blocked. , my country’s textile industry product exports are also facing challenges. On the supply side, the “low-cost” advantage of my country’s textile industry is gradually weakening. How to increase added value in the international cycle is an important issue that needs to be solved. In terms of demand, the main export markets for my country’s textile products are Europe and the United States. However, due to the sharp shrinkage of international trade demand, the countercurrent of economic globalization, the rise of protectionism and unilateralism, and the significant increase in uncertainty and instability, these markets have a significant impact on The demand for our textile products may shift or shrink. How to stabilize and expand the market is another important challenge facing my country’s textile industry.
Faced with new situations and new challenges, the industry needs to actively explore transformation and upgrading paths that focus on enhancing the ability to meet domestic demand while enhancing its status in the international cycle.
China’s textile industry, from product design, raw material supply to processing, production, consumption and circulation, is highly international in all aspects of the industry chain and is an important step in global value chain cooperation and industrial transfer. composition. This determines that only by integrating into world trends can the industry achieve optimal allocation of resources and achieve better development. In the current complex international political and economic situation, the industry must unswervingly oppose geopolitical de-globalization with more in-depth international cooperation. Further deepen international production capacity cooperation and bring benefits to the economic development and people’s lives of more countries in the process of open development; further strengthen cooperation with international brands, continuously integrate new resources and open up new markets for mutual benefit and win-win results; further strengthen cooperation with international organizations cooperation, reaching understanding and consensus through communication and coordination, and striving for greater space for the industry.
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