In recent years, the flow of global textile and apparel trade has quietly changed. As the largest textile exporter and apparel exporter, China occupies an important link in the industrial chain. Due to changes in international relations and the rise of the textile and apparel industry chain in Vietnam, Bangladesh, India and other countries, international textile and apparel trade has shifted. China’s textile and apparel export share has been squeezed out in some regions and has begun to decline. This article selects China, the European Union, the United States and Japan as the research targets, and analyzes the changes in China’s textile and clothing exports and the changes in imports from the European Union, the United States, and Japan in the past 10 years. The European Union, the United States, and Japan are China’s largest exporters of textiles and clothing, and they are also important links in the global textile and clothing trade. Selecting them as research objects can more intuitively display the changing trends of the global textile and clothing industry chain.
China’s textile and clothing exports
Textile exports: The EU, the United States and Vietnam account for the main shares, and Vietnam’s share has increased significantly in 10 years
In 2019, China’s textile exports The main export destinations are the EU, the United States, Vietnam, Bangladesh, Japan, Hong Kong and Indonesia. Among them, China’s textile exports to the EU, the United States and Vietnam account for more than 10%, respectively 11%, 10.4% and 10.2% , Bangladesh accounts for 5.4%, Japan accounts for 3.8%, Hong Kong, China accounts for 3.6%, and Indonesia accounts for 3.5%. China’s textile exports to the United States fell by 9% year-on-year in 2019, and exports to Bangladesh also fell by 4.6% year-on-year, while Vietnam increased by 4% year-on-year.
The table shows the distribution of China’s main textile exports in 2009 and 2019 (unit: 10,000 US dollars)
By comparing the data between 2009 and 2019, it can be found that the proportion of China’s textile exports to the EU and the United States has not changed much in 10 years. The proportion of textile exports to Hong Kong, China, has declined significantly, with a decrease of 8%, while that of China’s textile exports to the EU and the United States has declined significantly. Vietnam’s export share increased by 6.5% in 10 years, from 3.7% in 2009 to 10.2% in 2019.
Clothing exports: The share of clothing exports to the EU and Japan has declined significantly in the past 10 years
In 2019, the main export destinations for Chinese clothing were the European Union, the United States, and Japan, accounting for 22.4%, 21.6%, and 10% respectively. In 2019, the value of China’s clothing exports fell by 4% year-on-year. The value of China’s clothing exports to the EU, the United States and Japan all fell year-on-year, with the United States experiencing the largest decline.
The table shows the distribution of China’s main apparel exports in 2009 and 2019 (unit: 10,000 US dollars)
By comparing the data between 2009 and 2019, it can be found that the value of China’s clothing exports increased by 41.6% compared with 10 years ago. Except for the United States, the value of China’s clothing exports to the EU and Japan has declined, and the proportion has also declined significantly.
U.S. textiles and clothing imports
In 2019, U.S. textiles and clothing Total imports were US$111.2 billion, of which clothing imports were US$83.8 billion and textile imports were US$27.4 billion, with a ratio of 3:1.
Textile imports: China has the largest share, but its share has not changed much in the past 10 years, and India’s share has slowly increased
The picture shows the changes in the value of U.S. textile imports over the past ten years (unit: billion U.S. dollars)
According to historical data compiled by the U.S. Office of Textiles and Apparel (OXTEA) , in the 10 years from 2009 to 2019, the overall value of U.S. textile imports has shown an increasing trend. Except for the year-on-year decrease in textile imports in 2016 and 2019, the other years have increased year by year. In 2019, U.S. textile imports increased by 53% compared with 2009.
From the perspective of the textile import market, the main import source country is China, accounting for 42% in 2019, followed by India, accounting for 14.6%, and the European Union. 8.5% ranks third. Among them, China has been the largest source of textile imports for the United States since 2009. In the past 10 years, the amount of textiles imported by the United States from China has basically followed the trend of the amount of textiles imported from the world. The proportion of textiles imported from China has basically remained at 40 %—50%. In 2019, the proportion fell by 4.9% year-on-year. The reason is related to the Sino-US trade friction. India, the second source of U.S. textile imports, accounted for only 9.2% 10 years ago, lower than the EU. However, in the past 10 years, the amount of U.S. textile imports from India has increased year by year, and the proportion has also been increasing; although the EU accounted for The proportion was 14%, second only to China, but the proportion fell by 6% year-on-year in 2011, and has basically remained at 7.5%-8.5% since then.
Clothing imports: Vietnam suddenly emerges to occupy China’s export share
United States The value of clothing imports has also shown an overall growth trend in the past 10 years. In 2019, the US clothing import value was US$83.8 billion, an increase of 32.8% from US$63.1 billion in 2009.
<��An increase of 55% year-on-year.
From the perspective of the textile import market, China is Japan’s largest source of textile imports, accounting for 54%. The proportion of textiles Japan imports from other countries is compared with China. The gap is huge, both below 10%. Japan’s textile imports from China have also shown an increasing trend in the past 10 years, with a year-on-year increase of 31% in 2019 compared to 2009. Although China’s textile exports to Japan are large, by observing the proportion of imports in the past 10 years, Changes, we can also see some different things. Japan’s share of textile imports from China has shown a clear downward trend in the past 10 years, with a drop of nearly 10%, while Vietnam’s share has increased from 2.7% in 2009 to 9.3% in 2019. ,
Clothing imports: China’s share fell by 27 percentage points in ten years, Vietnam increased by 11 percentage points
Similar to the distribution of textile imports, Japan’s main source of clothing imports is also China, accounting for 56.8%. In the past 10 years, Japan’s clothing imports from China have shown an overall trend of increasing first and then rising. In 2019 The year-on-year value fell by 8% compared with the same period 10 years ago. Judging from the proportion trend, Japan’s clothing imports from China have shown a very smooth downward trend, with the proportion in 2019 reduced by 27 percentage points compared with 2009; and Vietnam, as the second source of Japan’s clothing imports, Japan’s The value of clothing imports increased by 401% in 10 years, and the proportion increased steadily, with a ten-year increase of 11%.
The picture shows the trend of Japan’s clothing imports in the past 10 years (unit: million US dollars)
The picture shows the distribution of Japan’s clothing import amount in the past 10 years (unit: %)
Summary
Through research, it is found that the flow of global textile and apparel trade has undergone significant changes in the past 10 years. As a traditional textile and apparel exporter, China’s export share has begun to decline, while emerging markets such as Vietnam and Bangladesh have begun to decline. The proportion of national textile and clothing exports has increased significantly.
In terms of clothing, China’s main export destinations are the EU, the United States and Japan. In 2019, the amount and proportion of China’s clothing exports to the EU and Japan dropped significantly compared with 10 years ago. The value and proportion of U.S. apparel exports have increased compared with 10 years ago. In terms of countries, the United States, its import share of Chinese clothing has dropped by 6.9 percentage points in 10 years, while at the same time, its import share of Vietnamese clothing has increased by 8.3 percentage points; in the EU, its import share of Chinese clothing has Japan’s import share has dropped by 14 percentage points in 10 years, while its import share of Bangladeshi clothing has increased by 11%; Japan’s import share of Chinese clothing has dropped by 27 percentage points in 10 years. , at the same time, its proportion of imports of Vietnamese clothing increased by 11 percentage points. It can be seen that the clothing production and export industries of Vietnam, Bangladesh and other countries have gradually grown in the past 10 years, competing with China, a traditional clothing export country, squeezing the export market, and the clothing industry chain is shifting.
In terms of textiles, China’s main export destinations are the EU, the United States and Vietnam. The share of Europe and the United States is basically the same as 10 years ago, but Vietnam’s share has increased significantly compared with 10 years ago. In terms of countries, China accounts for the largest share of U.S. textile imports, accounting for 42%. The import amount has increased overall in the past 10 years, but the proportion has not changed much. The second source of imports, India, has slowly increased its share. China cannot be ruled out in the future. Its share has been seized by other emerging textile export destinations; China also occupies the largest share of textile imports in the EU, accounting for 38%. Both the import amount and proportion have shown an upward trend in the past 10 years. The EU currently does not see other countries taking over the market. China’s share of textile exports to it; Vietnam’s textile imports from China have increased significantly in the past 10 years. This is because Vietnam’s clothing production and export industry has gradually expanded in recent years, but its textile industry chain is not complete enough and still needs to be met by imports. . </p
